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Value Subtypes and Generalized Enums, a manifesto

The goal of this document is to provide a comprehensive view of what value subtyping might look like in Swift and demonstrate how generalized enums play a significant role in this future.

Note: All syntax used in this document that is not currently valid Swift syntax is only intended to serve the purpose of demonstrating ideas and to serve as a point of reference for future proposals. The intent is not to propose that this exact syntax be used.

Acknowledgement: some of the ideas in this document have been inspired by Niko Matsakis' blog post exploring similar ideas in the context of Rust: http://smallcultfollowing.com/babysteps/blog/2015/08/20/virtual-structs-part-3-bringing-enums-and-structs-together/

Definition

@Gankra
Gankra / OwnershipTLDR.md
Last active April 3, 2019 22:44
Swift Ownership Manifesto TL;DR

Swift Ownership Manifesto TL;DR

Most of the manifesto is background and detailed definitions -- if you're confused or want details, read the manifesto!

https://lists.swift.org/pipermail/swift-evolution/Week-of-Mon-20170213/032155.html

Note also that manifestos aren't complete proposals -- syntax and details may change!

One piece of background: inout is kinda complicated because it can be used on computed properties -- foo(&val.x) might be sugar for

@joshbuchea
joshbuchea / semantic-commit-messages.md
Last active August 2, 2025 05:21
Semantic Commit Messages

Semantic Commit Messages

See how a minor change to your commit message style can make you a better programmer.

Format: <type>(<scope>): <subject>

<scope> is optional

Example

@reckenrode
reckenrode / json.swift
Created June 23, 2017 14:25
Decoding arbitrary JSON with the new Decoder in Swift 4
enum JSON: Decodable {
case bool(Bool)
case double(Double)
case string(String)
indirect case array([JSON])
indirect case dictionary([String: JSON])
init(from decoder: Decoder) throws {
if let container = try? decoder.container(keyedBy: JSONCodingKeys.self) {
self = JSON(from: container)
@rxwei
rxwei / upstreaming-swift-autodiff.md
Last active January 28, 2020 11:06
Upstreaming Swift AutoDiff

Upstreaming Swift AutoDiff

Author: Richard Wei ([email protected]) on behalf of the Swift for TensorFlow team

Last updated: October 2, 2019

Overview

The differentiable programming feature (AutoDiff) has been incubated in the 'tensorflow' branch of apple/swift since December 2017 and released as part of the Swift for TensorFlow toolchains. The Differentiable Programming Mega-Proposal, which serves as a manifesto, received general positive feedback from the community, but there is a long way between receiving conceptual approval and obtaining Swift Evolution approval of such a large feature. We would like to merge the pieces into the 'master' branch under a gate to further development and bake the feature on master, just like Apple develops its major features

@jjrscott
jjrscott / BidirectionalCollection+RegularExpressions.swift
Last active October 16, 2024 15:08
Reimplementation of Brian Kernighan's Regular Expression Matcher on BidirectionalCollection
//
// RegularExpression.swift
// RegularExpressions
//
// Created by John Scott on 15/07/2020.
//
// Original matching implementation Brian Kernighan : https://www.cs.princeton.edu/courses/archive/spr09/cos333/beautiful.html
// Swift port Ben Cohen : https://github.com/apple/swift/blob/a9eee38e109e3d99f103a9bee71bed4422fbb6fd/benchmark/single-source/StringMatch.swift
import Foundation