| Package Manager | Registry | CLI | Ecosystem |
|---|---|---|---|
| NPM | npmjs.com | npm-cli | Node.js |
| YARN | npmjs.com | yarn-cli | Node.js |
| PNPM | npmjs.com | pnpm-cli | Node.js |
| Package Manager | Verification | Isolation | Resolution |
|---|---|---|---|
| NPM | SHA-512 | No | Semver |
| YARN | SHA-1 | No | Semver |
| PNPM | SHA-512 | Yes | Strict |
| Feature | Gradle | Maven |
|---|---|---|
| Build Model | Flexible and customizable | Standardized and opinionated |
| Dependency Management | Highly flexible and efficient | Robust and reliable |
| Function | Description |
|---|---|
| consume(reader, limit) | Consume messages from the Kafka server |
| createTopic(address, topic) | Create a new topic |
| listTopics(address) | Return a unique set of topics |
| produce(writer, messages) | Produce messages to the Kafka server |
| reader(brokers, topic) | Instantiate a new Reader instance |
| writer(brokers, topic) | Instantiate a new Writer instance |
| Reader: Consumer | Writer: Producer | Metrics | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| ✓ | ✓ | dial.count | Total number of times the reader/writer tries to connect to Kafka |
| ✓ | ✓ | error.count | Total number of errors occurred when reading/writing from/to Kafka |
| ✓ | ✓ | message.bytes | Total bytes consumed/produced |
| ✓ | ✓ | message.count | Total number of messages consumed/produced |
| ✓ | fetches.count | Total number of times the reader fetches batches of messages from Kafka | |
| ✓ | timeouts.count | Total number of timeouts occurred when reading fro |
| Aspect | Flink | Spark | Storm | Kafka |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Type | Hybrid (batch |
| Problem | Explanation | Solution |
|---|---|---|
| Resource Utilization | Each host may not be fully utilized, resulting in wasted resources | Use containerization technologies like Docker to deploy multiple service instances on a singl |
| Problem | Explanation | Solution |
|---|---|---|
| Provisioning | Lack of control on service instances unless each instance is a separate process | Provision separate hosts for eac |
| Problem | Explanation | Solution |
|---|---|---|
| Resource Overhead | Deploying each microservice instance as a separate VM can result in a significant resource overhead, increasing the cost of deployment | Analyze resource requirements for each microservice and optimize resource allocation to minimize overhead and cost |
| Complexity | Managing m |
| Problem | Explanation | Solution |
|---|