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KimiyukiYamauchi/python_basic_1.ipynb

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{
"nbformat": 4,
"nbformat_minor": 0,
"metadata": {
"colab": {
"name": "python_basic_1.ipynb",
"provenance": [],
"include_colab_link": true
},
"kernelspec": {
"name": "python3",
"display_name": "Python 3"
}
},
"cells": [
{
"cell_type": "markdown",
"metadata": {
"id": "view-in-github",
"colab_type": "text"
},
"source": [
"<a href=\"https://colab.research.google.com/gist/KimiyukiYamauchi/425fd4fded7d4803c4b4cbb2bb345d96/python_basic_1.ipynb\" target=\"_parent\"><img src=\"https://colab.research.google.com/assets/colab-badge.svg\" alt=\"Open In Colab\"/></a>"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "markdown",
"metadata": {
"id": "QK1qtAbx7DCH"
},
"source": [
"# Pythonの基礎1\n",
" プログラミング言語Pythonの文法を、手を動かしながら少しずつ学んでいきましょう。 \n",
"解説用のコードセルの下に練習用のコードセルがありますので、コードを書く体験とともに進めていくことをお勧めします。 \n",
"なお、今回の解説がPythonの全てをカバーしているわけではありませんのでご注意ください。"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "markdown",
"metadata": {
"id": "vShhk5xk7L6w"
},
"source": [
"## ● 変数\n",
"**変数**には**値**を入れることができます。 \n",
"以下の例では、変数`a`に123という値を入れています。 \n",
"`print(a)`で、変数`a`に入った値を表示することができます。"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"metadata": {
"id": "h7HH2NJB7DCJ"
},
"source": [
"a = 123\n",
"print(a)"
],
"execution_count": null,
"outputs": []
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"metadata": {
"id": "G2cA1xc4CZ8_"
},
"source": [
"# 練習用\n"
],
"execution_count": null,
"outputs": []
},
{
"cell_type": "markdown",
"metadata": {
"id": "PZg4iHpxnAyC"
},
"source": [
"なお、`#`以降の記述はコメントとなり、プログラムとして認識されません。メモなどに活用しましょう。 \n",
"変数には小数の値を入れることもできます。 \n",
"以下では、`b`に123.45という小数の値を入れています。 "
]
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"metadata": {
"id": "6566lYEEsNJh"
},
"source": [
"b = 123.45\n",
"print(b)"
],
"execution_count": null,
"outputs": []
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"metadata": {
"id": "bgMti6leFZn9"
},
"source": [
"# 練習用\n"
],
"execution_count": null,
"outputs": []
},
{
"cell_type": "markdown",
"metadata": {
"id": "extlg0l1rx2z"
},
"source": [
"変数には文章を入れることもできます。 \n",
"`\"\"`もしくは`''` で囲まれた文章は文字列として認識され、値として変数に入れることができます。 \n"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"metadata": {
"id": "yMwbxO3GLIC6"
},
"source": [
"c = \"こんにちは、Python！\"\n",
"print(c)"
],
"execution_count": null,
"outputs": []
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"metadata": {
"id": "p3DojhtkLUYK"
},
"source": [
"# 練習用\n"
],
"execution_count": null,
"outputs": []
},
{
"cell_type": "markdown",
"metadata": {
"id": "WteivqoSJxEu"
},
"source": [
"変数名には、アルファベットの他に`_`（アンダーバー）や数字を使うこともできます。 \n",
"ただし、変数名の先頭を数字にすることはできません。 "
]
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"metadata": {
"id": "9-dHbPsYJ_jS"
},
"source": [
"dog_name = \"Pochi\"\n",
"print(dog_name)\n",
"\n",
"number321 = 321\n",
"print(number321)"
],
"execution_count": null,
"outputs": []
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"metadata": {
"id": "HYh2U2NKM_GY"
},
"source": [
"# 練習用\n"
],
"execution_count": null,
"outputs": []
},
{
"cell_type": "markdown",
"metadata": {
"id": "jd_BuH8D7DCM"
},
"source": [
"このような変数の概念は、以降Pythonを学んでいくための基盤となります。"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "markdown",
"metadata": {
"id": "AioPKJ3q7DCU"
},
"source": [
"## ● 四則演算\n",
"様々な演算子を使って四則演算を行うことができます。"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"metadata": {
"id": "hYmGSfid7DCU"
},
"source": [
"a = 7\n",
"b = 3\n",
"\n",
"c = a + b # 足し算\n",
"print(c)\n",
"\n",
"d = a - b # 引き算\n",
"print(d)\n",
"\n",
"e = a * b # 掛け算\n",
"print(e)\n",
"\n",
"f = a / b # 割り算（小数）\n",
"print(f)\n",
"\n",
"g = a // b # 割り算（整数）\n",
"print(g)\n",
"\n",
"h = a % b # 余り\n",
"print(h)"
],
"execution_count": null,
"outputs": []
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"metadata": {
"id": "QmgKAo4dNlA_"
},
"source": [
"# 練習用\n"
],
"execution_count": null,
"outputs": []
},
{
"cell_type": "markdown",
"metadata": {
"id": "D4BOaxpW7DCW"
},
"source": [
"上記で使用した演算子を以下にまとめます。\n",
"\n",
"||||\n",
"|:-:|:-:|:--|\n",
"|| \\+ | 足し算 |\n",
"||- | 引き算 |\n",
"|| * | かける |\n",
"|| / | 割る（小数） |\n",
"|| // | 割る（整数） |\n",
"|| % | 余り |\n",
"||||\n",
"\n",
"なお、`+`の演算子は文字列の結合に使うこともできます。"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"metadata": {
"id": "tPQ7XddGQRg1"
},
"source": [
"a = \"Hello\"\n",
"b = \"World\"\n",
"\n",
"c = a + b\n",
"print(c)"
],
"execution_count": null,
"outputs": []
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"metadata": {
"id": "5fMSkwA9Qc8F"
},
"source": [
"# 練習用\n"
],
"execution_count": null,
"outputs": []
},
{
"cell_type": "markdown",
"metadata": {
"id": "Ff52sxFiQ5mG"
},
"source": [
"## ● Bool値と比較演算子\n",
"変数には`True`もしくは`False`の値を入れることができます。 \n",
"これらの値は、**Bool値**と呼ばれます。 \n",
"Bool値は`True`もしくは`False`のどちらかしかとることができません。"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"metadata": {
"id": "sUzagn13Q-WJ"
},
"source": [
"a = True\n",
"b = False\n",
"\n",
"print(a)\n",
"print(b)"
],
"execution_count": null,
"outputs": []
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"metadata": {
"id": "0y-SCphVbDPa"
},
"source": [
"# 練習用\n"
],
"execution_count": null,
"outputs": []
},
{
"cell_type": "markdown",
"metadata": {
"id": "xynAyE7bbIXO"
},
"source": [
"**比較演算子**を使うことで、値を比較した結果をBool値として得ることができます。 \n",
"`>`や`<`などの比較演算子は、左右の値を比較します。 \n"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"metadata": {
"id": "JPnYBd6675IK"
},
"source": [
"c = 3\n",
"d = 4\n",
"\n",
"e = c > d # cがdよりも大きいかどうか\n",
"print(e)\n",
"\n",
"f = c < d # cがdよりも小さいかどうか\n",
"print(f)\n",
"\n",
"g = c >= d # cがd以上かどうか\n",
"print(g)\n",
"\n",
"h = c <= d # cがd以下かどうか\n",
"print(h)\n",
"\n",
"i = c == d # cとdが等しいかどうか\n",
"print(i)\n",
"\n",
"j = c != d # cとdが等しくないか\n",
"print(j)"
],
"execution_count": null,
"outputs": []
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"metadata": {
"id": "74vLCh-THt4B"
},
"source": [
"# 練習用\n"
],
"execution_count": null,
"outputs": []
},
{
"cell_type": "markdown",
"metadata": {
"id": "leSqs4xJ8g7q"
},
"source": [
"Pythonで使われる比較演算子を以下にまとめます。\n",
"\n",
"||||\n",
"|:-:|:-:|:--|\n",
"|| < | 小さい |\n",
"|| > | 大きい |\n",
"|| <= | 以下 |\n",
"|| >= | 以上 |\n",
"|| == | 等しい |\n",
"|| != | 等しくない |\n",
"||||"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "markdown",
"metadata": {
"id": "D6lMp6KNIiGC"
},
"source": [
"## ● 論理演算子\n",
"**論理演算子**を使うと、Bool値の演算を行うことができます。"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"metadata": {
"id": "lEnQDGY6Jmt1"
},
"source": [
"a = 3\n",
"b = 4\n",
"c = 5\n",
"\n",
"d = a < b and b < c # 両者がTrueであればTrue\n",
"print(d)\n",
"\n",
"e = a < b or b > c # 片方がTrueであればTrue\n",
"print(e)\n",
"\n",
"f = not a < b # Bool値を反転\n",
"print(f)"
],
"execution_count": null,
"outputs": []
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"metadata": {
"id": "y0qwm9SnM6GZ"
},
"source": [
"# 練習用\n"
],
"execution_count": null,
"outputs": []
},
{
"cell_type": "markdown",
"metadata": {
"id": "8cfNnbcoMUS-"
},
"source": [
"Pythonで使われる論理演算子を以下にまとめます。 \n",
"\n",
"||||\n",
"|:-:|:-:|:--|\n",
"|| and | 両者がTrueであればTrue |\n",
"|| or | 片方がTrueであればTrue |\n",
"|| not | Bool値を反転 |\n",
"||||\n",
"\n",
"このような論理演算子を使うことで、複雑な条件をコードで表現することが可能になります。"
]
}
]
}
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