If you simply want to fix grub or chroot, check out this official documented method (Fedora). It looks detailed enough but I came across it after solving my problem. Worth a try.
DISCLAIMER: THIS GUIDE IS SUPER NOVICE. IT REPRODUCES ALL THE STEPS I DID TO GET MY SYSTEM WORKING AFTER CONVERTING FROM EXT4 TO BTRFS.[^1] I TRIED TO KEEP IT BEGINNER FRIENDLY (PARTLY FOR FUTURE MYSELF). PLEASE UNDERSTAND INTUITION OF ANY COMMAND YOU EXECUTE FROM THIS GIST. READ COMMENTS IN BLOCK OF CODE ALONG THE WAY.
This was tested on Fedora 39 (UEFI).