In order to build SuperCollider 3.6.5 from source on Linux (Debian), the following steps were necessary on a fresh system:
sudo apt-get install build-essential
sudo apt-get install cmake
sudo apt-get install libfftw3-dev
sudo apt-get install libqt4-dev
sudo apt-get install libqtwebkit-dev
sudo apt-get install libjack-jackd2-dev
sudo apt-get install libsndfile1-dev