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<div><div>Patient education: Hemorrhoids (Beyond the Basics)</div> <span></span><div><div><dl><dt><span> </span>Author:</dt><dd><a>Ronald Bleday, MD</a></dd><dt><span> </span>Section Editor:</dt><dd><a>J Thomas Lamont, MD</a></dd><dt><span> </span>Deputy Editor:</dt><dd><a>Wenliang Chen, MD, PhD</a></dd></dl><p><a>Contributor Disclosures</a></p></div><div><div><span>All topics are updated as new evidence becomes available and our <a>peer review process</a> is complete.</span></div><div><div><bdi><span>Literature review current through:</span>&nbsp;Jun 2025.</bdi></div><div><bdi><span>This topic last updated:</span>&nbsp;Nov 13, 2024.</bdi></div></div></div></div><div><div></div></div><p>Please read the <a>Disclaimer </a>at the end of this page.</p><div><p><span>HEMORRHOIDS OVERVIEW</span><span>&nbsp;—&nbsp;</span></p><p>Hemorrhoids are enlarged or swollen veins in the lower rectum. The most common symptoms of hemorrhoids are rectal bleeding, itching, and pain. You may be able to see or feel hemorrhoids around

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<div><div>Surgical treatment of hemorrhoidal disease</div> <span></span><div><div><dl><dt><span> </span>Authors:</dt><dd><a>David E Rivadeneira, MD, MBA, FACS, FASCRS</a></dd><dd><a>Scott R Steele, MD, MBA, FACS, FASCRS</a></dd><dt><span> </span>Section Editor:</dt><dd><a>Martin Weiser, MD</a></dd><dt><span> </span>Deputy Editor:</dt><dd><a>Wenliang Chen, MD, PhD</a></dd></dl><p><a>Contributor Disclosures</a></p></div><div><div><span>All topics are updated as new evidence becomes available and our <a>peer review process</a> is complete.</span></div><div><div><bdi><span>Literature review current through:</span>&nbsp;Jun 2025.</bdi></div><div><bdi><span>This topic last updated:</span>&nbsp;Aug 28, 2024.</bdi></div></div></div></div><div><div></div></div><div><p><span>INTRODUCTION</span><span>&nbsp;—&nbsp;</span></p><p>Most symptomatic hemorrhoids are first treated conservatively with dietary or lifestyle changes and medications. Office-based procedures (eg, rubber band ligation) are then offered to those with p

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<div><div>Home and office treatment of symptomatic hemorrhoids</div> <span></span><div><div><dl><dt><span> </span>Authors:</dt><dd><a>Ronald Bleday, MD</a></dd><dd><a>Elizabeth Breen, MD</a></dd><dt><span> </span>Section Editor:</dt><dd><a>Martin Weiser, MD</a></dd><dt><span> </span>Deputy Editor:</dt><dd><a>Wenliang Chen, MD, PhD</a></dd></dl><p><a>Contributor Disclosures</a></p></div><div><div><span>All topics are updated as new evidence becomes available and our <a>peer review process</a> is complete.</span></div><div><div><bdi><span>Literature review current through:</span>&nbsp;Jun 2025.</bdi></div><div><bdi><span>This topic last updated:</span>&nbsp;Oct 25, 2023.</bdi></div></div></div></div><div><div></div></div><div><p><span>INTRODUCTION</span><span>&nbsp;—&nbsp;</span></p><p>Hemorrhoids are collections of submucosal, fibrovascular, arteriovenous sinusoids that are part of the normal anorectum [<a>1</a>]. In epidemiologic studies conducted in Korea, England, and Austria, between 14 and 39 percent of t

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<div><div>Society guideline links: Hemorrhoids</div> <span></span><div><p><span>Introduction</span></p><p>This topic includes links to society and government-sponsored guidelines from selected countries and regions around the world. We will update these links periodically; newer versions of some guidelines may be available on each society's website. Some societies may require users to log in to access their guidelines.</p><p>The recommendations in the following guidelines may vary from those that appear in UpToDate topic reviews. Readers who are looking for UpToDate topic reviews should use the UpToDate search box to find the relevant content.</p><p>Links to related guidelines are provided separately. (See  <a>"Society guideline links: Gastrointestinal bleeding in adults"</a>.)</p><p><span>International</span></p><p></p><ul></ul><a>World Society of Emergency Surgery (WSES)-American Association for the Surgery of Trauma (AAST): Guidelines on anorectal emergencies</a> (2021)<p></p><p><span>United States</span><

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<div><div>Surgical treatment of hemorrhoidal disease</div> <span><div><div> <div><div><select><option>Select Language</option> <option>Chinese</option><option>English</option></select></div> <div><span></span></div> </div></div></div></span><div><div><dl><dt><span> </span>Authors:</dt><dd><a>David E Rivadeneira, MD, MBA, FACS, FASCRS</a></dd><dd><a>Scott R Steele, MD, MBA, FACS, FASCRS</a></dd><dt><span> </span>Section Editor:</dt><dd><a>Martin Weiser, MD</a></dd><dt><span> </span>Deputy Editor:</dt><dd><a>Wenliang Chen, MD, PhD</a></dd></dl><div><div><bdi><span>Literature review current through:</span>&nbsp;Jun 2025.</bdi></div><div><bdi><span>This topic last updated:</span>&nbsp;Aug 28, 2024.</bdi></div></div></div></div><div><p><span>INTRODUCTION</span></p><p>Most symptomatic hemorrhoids are first treated conservatively with dietary or lifestyle changes and medications. Office-based procedures (eg, rubber band ligation) are then offered to those with persistent symptoms, while surgery is reserved for those

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<div><div>Hemorrhoids: Clinical manifestations and diagnosis</div> <span><div><div> <div><div><select><option>Select Language</option> <option>Chinese</option><option>English</option></select></div> <div><span></span></div> </div></div></div></span><div><div><dl><dt><span> </span>Authors:</dt><dd><a>Ronald Bleday, MD</a></dd><dd><a>Elizabeth Breen, MD</a></dd><dt><span> </span>Section Editor:</dt><dd><a>J Thomas Lamont, MD</a></dd><dt><span> </span>Deputy Editor:</dt><dd><a>Zehra Hussain, MD, FACP</a></dd></dl><div><div><bdi><span>Literature review current through:</span>&nbsp;Jun 2025.</bdi></div><div><bdi><span>This topic last updated:</span>&nbsp;Jul 11, 2023.</bdi></div></div></div></div><div><p><span>INTRODUCTION</span></p><p>Hemorrhoids are normal vascular structures in the anal canal, arising from a channel of arteriovenous connective tissues that drains into the superior and inferior hemorrhoidal veins. The cardinal features of hemorrhoidal disease include bleeding, anal pruritus, prolapse, and pain d

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<div><div>Home and office treatment of symptomatic hemorrhoids</div> <span><div><div> <div><div><select><option>Select Language</option> <option>Chinese</option><option>English</option></select></div> <div><span></span></div> </div></div></div></span><div><div><dl><dt><span> </span>Authors:</dt><dd><a>Ronald Bleday, MD</a></dd><dd><a>Elizabeth Breen, MD</a></dd><dt><span> </span>Section Editor:</dt><dd><a>Martin Weiser, MD</a></dd><dt><span> </span>Deputy Editor:</dt><dd><a>Wenliang Chen, MD, PhD</a></dd></dl><div><div><bdi><span>Literature review current through:</span>&nbsp;Jun 2025.</bdi></div><div><bdi><span>This topic last updated:</span>&nbsp;Oct 25, 2023.</bdi></div></div></div></div><div><p><span>INTRODUCTION</span></p><p>Hemorrhoids are collections of submucosal, fibrovascular, arteriovenous sinusoids that are part of the normal anorectum [<a>1</a>]. In epidemiologic studies conducted in Korea, England, and Austria, between 14 and 39 percent of the population had hemorrhoids; however, many were witho

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