Thanks to Google for sharing the sample.
The int uname(struct utsname *); function retrieves the current device information, containing info such as iPhone13,2\x00 to identify the device model.
The code snippets and conceptual analysis presented in this document are based on iOS 16.2.
The bug was disclosed and patched after Pwn2Own 2024 and was assigned CVE-2024-27834. Details of the patch can be found in the WebKit repository.