When she is bored, Jo Coder likes to play the following game with coins on a table. She takes a set of distinct coins and lines them up in a row. For example, let us say that she has a penny (P, worth $0.01), a nickel (N, worth $0.05), and a dime (D, worth $0.10). She lines them up in an arbitrary order, (for example, D N P), and then moves them around with the goal of placing them in strictly increasing order by value, that is P N D (i.e., $0.01, $0.05, $0.10). She has particular rules that she follows:
- The initial coin line-up defines all positions where coins can be placed. That is, no additional positions can be added later, and even if one of the positions does not have a coin on it at