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Case Study: Transitioning from a Monolith to Microservices - A Retail E-commerce Platform

Background

ShopEase, a mid-sized e-commerce company, has been running its online shopping platform for five years. Initially, the company used a monolithic architecture, where all features—including user authentication, product catalog, orders, payments, and customer reviews—were tightly coupled in a single application.

Challenges with the Monolithic Approach

As ShopEase grew, it faced several problems:

1. Scalability Issues - During peak shopping seasons, the entire application slowed down due to high traffic on just one module (e.g., checkout).
2. Deployment Bottlenecks - A minor bug fix in the payment module required redeploying the entire application, increasing the risk of downtime.
3. Limited Technology Choices - Since the monolith was built using Java, developers couldn’t adopt better-suited technologies for different features (e.g., Python for recommendation systems).

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[macOS] Disable Automatic Activation of the base Conda Environment

After installing Anaconda on your macOS system, the base environment is automatically activated each time you open a Terminal window. To disable this behavior, follow these steps:

Steps to Prevent Automatic Activation

1. Open the Terminal
   After installing Anaconda, launch a Terminal window or Anaconda Navigator.

2. Check the .zshrc Configuration File

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[macOS] Change Ollama Model Directory

By default, all models pulled from Ollama are stored in the /Users/username/.ollama directory on macOS, where username is your system's current user. If you want to change the model directory to another location, such as an external storage device, you can follow one of the methods below.

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Method 1: Temporarily Change the Model Directory

If you only want to change the model directory temporarily, execute the following command in Terminal and restart the Ollama app:

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Python Program to Generate a Random Phone Number in Vietnam Format

This Python program generates a random 10-digit phone number in the Vietnam format. The first three digits are predefined from a list of valid prefixes, while the remaining digits are randomly generated.

Code

import random

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Install Anaconda on Mac computers with Apple silicon

Starting with macOS Catalina (10.15), the macOS will use zsh as the default shell across the operating system. Thus, there are some software that run on Terminal will have different configuration than the previous bash shell. This article will present how to install Anaconda on Mac computers with Apple silicon which run macOS Ventura (13.3.1) and zsh as the default shell. The article will also address the "This package is incompatible with this version of macOS." issue that happens when using the installation file download from Anaconda website.

Install homebrew

Homebrew is a package manager for macOS which lets you install development tools and software. Homebrew can be installed on your computer by executing the below command in Terminal.

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Install Microsoft OneDrive on macOS 10.15.7

Microsoft OneDrive could not work normally from version 23.061 on macOS 10.15.7 (19H2026). This issue may come from Microsoft decision, not your computer. Thus, this tutorial will show how to install the latest working version of Microsoft OneDrive on macOS 10.15.7.

Download and Install

1. The latest working version of Microsoft OneDrive on macOS 10.15.7 is 23.002.0102.0004. You can download it from Microsoft or here.
2. Turn off internet connection and install the downloaded file. You must uninstall previous version of Microsoft OneDrive from your computer before installing the downloaded file.
3. Open Activity Monitor app and force quit StandaloneUpdater app.
4. Do not launch Microsoft OneDrive app at this step; instead, you do move to the next step.

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Hints for Microsoft Wordament (Map 1)

Microsoft Wordament is a word-finding game and is a part of Microsoft Ultimate Word Games. The web-based version of Microsoft Wordament is freely available on MSN Games, and its native version is available on iOS and Android.

Hints for Web-based version

• The playlist containing all hints for each puzzle in the first map is publicly available at https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLpyXgc_KXddyCS1DEqMkK3OjK_qqrNlqh
• Please note that these hints are for the web-based version of the game. If you find out that these hints are also suitable for the native version of the game, please kindly let me know 😊

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CONDA CHEAT SHEET

This GIST presents some basic commands to work with Anaconda Terminal.

Basic commands

• conda info --- Verify whether conda is installed, if yes, print all information about the installed conda such as Python version, conda version, env location
• conda update conda --- Update conda to the latest version
• conda install PACKAGENAME --- Install a package which is made available on Anaconda repository
• pip install PACKAGENAME --- Install a package directly from PyPI
• conda update PACKAGENAME --- Update an installed package

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Install virtualenvwrapper on macOS 10.15 and later

At WWDC 2019 on June 3, 2019, starting with macOS Catalina (10.15), the macOS will use zsh as default shell across the operating system. Besides, Bash is still available along with the new zsh; however, by setting zsh as the default shell, Apple does force you to move to the new platform.

virtualenvwrapper is a set of extensions to the original virtualenv which is a tool for creating isolated virtual Python environments. The extensions include wrappers for creating and deleting virtual environments and otherwise managing your development workflow, making it easier to work on more than one project at a time without introducing conflicts in their dependencies. According to the virtualenvwrapper docs, there are some noteworthy features such as:

• Organizes all your virtual environments in one place.
• Wrappers for managing your virtual environments (create, delete, copy).
• Use a single command to switch between environments.

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Install Python3 on macOS 10.15 and later

This tutorial will show you how to install Python3 on a macOS system. To demonstrate the installation process, I will present the steps on macOS Catalina (Version 10.15). Instead of installing Python3 via the installer from the Python website, this tutorial will use brew which is the most popular Package Manager for macOS.

1/ Install brew

Installing brew on your system is straightforward, you just need to copy-and-paste the following command to the Terminal: