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Python vs. PHP - Which is easier?

Python date and time

# timestamp now
import time
now = int(time.time())
print(now)

# timestamp to date and time

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# https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/named-characters.html

\t = 	 = 	
\n = 
 = 

! = ! = !
" = " = " = "
# = # = #
$ = $ = $
% = % = %
& = & = & = &

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#!/usr/bin/env bash

API_KEY=xxx       # Get it from https://my.nextdns.io/account
PROFILE_ID=xxxxxx # Get it from https://my.nextdns.io

url=https://api.nextdns.io/profiles/$PROFILE_ID/denylist

curl -s -H "X-Api-Key: $API_KEY" $url | jq -r '.data[] | select(.active == true) | .id' | while read -r domain; do
    echo "Deleting $domain..."
    curl -X DELETE -H "X-Api-Key: $API_KEY" $url/$domain

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#!/usr/bin/env bash

API_KEY=xxx       # Get it from https://my.nextdns.io/account
PROFILE_ID=xxxxxx # Get it from https://my.nextdns.io

url=https://api.nextdns.io/profiles/$PROFILE_ID/denylist

curl -s -H "X-Api-Key: $API_KEY" $url | jq -r '.data[] | select(.active == true) | .id'

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#!/usr/bin/env bash

API_KEY=xxx       # Get it from https://my.nextdns.io/account
PROFILE_ID=xxxxxx # Get it from https://my.nextdns.io

url=https://api.nextdns.io/profiles/$PROFILE_ID/denylist

tac denylist.txt | while read -r domain; do
    echo "Adding $domain..."
    curl -d $"{\"id\": \"$domain\"}" \

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<?php
// date
echo "date\n";
echo date('Y-m-d H:i:s'), "\n";

$dt = new DateTime();
echo $dt->format('Y-m-d H:i:s'), "\n\n";

// gmdate (UTC date)
echo "gmdate\n";

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<?php

/*
 * Heart emoji: ❤️
 * UTF-8 bytes: E2 9D A4 EF B8 8F
 * Code points: U+2764 U+FE0F
 */

header('Content-Type: text/plain');

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<?php

// ISO-8859-1 → UTF-8
function latin1ToUtf8(string $str): string
{
    return iconv('ISO-8859-1', 'UTF-8', $str);
}

// UTF-8 → ISO-8859-1
function utf8ToLatin1(string $str): string

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Unicode and byte notation

Letter: A
Code points: U+0041
UTF-8 bytes: 41
UTF-16BE bytes: 00 41

Pound sign: £
Code points: U+00A3

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Counting UTF-8 bytes, code points and grapheme clusters

Strings to test:

• Star emoji
⭐

- UTF-8 bytes: 3
- code points: 1