How to convert Nostr npub (bech32) key to base16 (hexadecimal) using python

nostr-npub-to-hex.ipynb

{
 "cells": [
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "id": "8bd9c754-e492-486d-ab85-fa9bb8fa7e9e",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "# Noster key from bech32 to hexadecimal\n",
    "\n",
    "## Dependencies\n",
    "\n",
    "* python 3\n",
    "* bech32 (pip install bech32)\n",
    "\n",
    "## References\n",
    "\n",
    "* https://en.bitcoin.it/wiki/BIP_0173#Bech32\n",
    "* https://docs.python.org/3.11/library/base64.html\n",
    "* https://github.com/fiatjaf/bech32/blob/master/bech32/__init__.py"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 78,
   "id": "4c41b240-25ff-43e5-b4d3-5ecaf3c2ed96",
   "metadata": {
    "tags": []
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "from base64 import b32decode\n",
    "from base64 import b16encode"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 35,
   "id": "77df06b6-3284-428a-9382-4adfe79e42d7",
   "metadata": {
    "tags": []
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "from bech32 import bech32_decode\n",
    "from bech32 import bech32_encode"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 40,
   "id": "93eb6b64-411b-4c0b-99a4-b7bf341fe062",
   "metadata": {
    "tags": []
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "HEX = \"0123456789abcdef\""
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 46,
   "id": "c94b9188-c05f-4f71-b4a9-0f32655885e3",
   "metadata": {
    "tags": []
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "B32 = \"ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ234567\""
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 128,
   "id": "b7f27843-1e97-46dd-a1de-0035db792743",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "def add_padding(base32_len):\n",
    "    bits = base32_len * 5\n",
    "    padding_size = (8 - (bits % 8)) % 8\n",
    "    return padding_size"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 29,
   "id": "2db36f06-88bd-4092-8853-93ce5074e9ba",
   "metadata": {
    "tags": []
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "#Hex public key:   0000052c7b6230c64ed41d8ab5ac32ad84b225b20f94b8c7e401113cf698e4f5\n",
    "#Hex private key:  93b7588fb2b1e87a9a2d2b5a6fe503850b8d3285810866916dda58f1507f982e\n",
    "#Npub public key:  npub1qqqq2trmvgcvvnk5rk9tttpj4kztyfdjp72t33lyqygnea5cun6swettq0\n",
    "#Nsec private key: nsec1jwm43rajk8584x3d9ddxlegrs59c6v59syyxdytdmfv0z5rlnqhqvdel2y\n",
    "#145753 iterations (about 1x10^5 hashes) in 2 seconds. Avg rate 72876 hashes/second\n",
    "# generated with Rana --  https://github.com/grunch/rana\n",
    "\n",
    "\n",
    "npub = \"npub1qqqq2trmvgcvvnk5rk9tttpj4kztyfdjp72t33lyqygnea5cun6swettq0\""
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 30,
   "id": "92fc0d69-3ca2-4daa-9ebb-bce235d8d7c3",
   "metadata": {
    "tags": []
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "hrd, data = bech32_decode(npub)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 31,
   "id": "6256900f-e5a0-4174-a012-6fff7697e4c2",
   "metadata": {
    "tags": []
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "'npub'"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 31,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "hrd"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 75,
   "id": "446435b4-0893-45c0-8dcd-d26474126440",
   "metadata": {
    "tags": []
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "'[0, 0, 0, 0, 10, 11, 3, 27, 12, 8, 24, 12, 12, 19, 22, 20, 3, 22, 5, 11, 11, 11, 1, 18, 21, 22, 2, 11, 4, 9, 13, 18, 1, 30, 10, 11, 17, 17, 31, 4, 0, 4, 8, 19, 25, 29, 20, 24, 28, 19, 26, 16]'"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 75,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "repr(data)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 79,
   "id": "3aaaef49-d191-47ae-9a87-ff5b230b70fa",
   "metadata": {
    "tags": []
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "b32_data = [B32[index] for index in data]"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 135,
   "id": "2f7d4d5c-cd64-4e49-bd87-b889802a5f83",
   "metadata": {
    "tags": []
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "\"['A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'K', 'L', 'D', '3', 'M', 'I', 'Y', 'M', 'M', 'T', 'W', 'U', 'D', 'W', 'F', 'L', 'L', 'L', 'B', 'S', 'V', 'W', 'C', 'L', 'E', 'J', 'N', 'S', 'B', '6', 'K', 'L', 'R', 'R', '7', 'E', 'A', 'E', 'I', 'T', 'Z', '5', 'U', 'Y', '4', 'T', '2']\""
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 135,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "repr(b32_data)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 148,
   "id": "3381a0e3-5edc-4012-b616-f70248d93806",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "data_str = \"\".join(b32_data)\n",
    "data_length = len(data_str)\n",
    "data_str += \"=\" * add_padding(data_length)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 149,
   "id": "dd26851b-6f96-4adb-88fa-303bc7416c81",
   "metadata": {
    "tags": []
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "'AAAAKLD3MIYMMTWUDWFLLLBSVWCLEJNSB6KLRR7EAEITZ5UY4T2Q===='"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 149,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "data_str"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 140,
   "id": "9b44f407-e116-49f1-93a8-91fc6ef723c7",
   "metadata": {
    "tags": []
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "decoded_data = b32decode(data_str)  # this is bech32.b32decode"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 147,
   "id": "0e6264d3-7999-4928-b256-d6cac0b8e4d0",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "b'\\x00\\x00\\x05,{b0\\xc6N\\xd4\\x1d\\x8a\\xb5\\xac2\\xad\\x84\\xb2%\\xb2\\x0f\\x94\\xb8\\xc7\\xe4\\x01\\x11<\\xf6\\x98\\xe4\\xf5'"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 147,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "decoded_data"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "id": "b89e5ecf-3e00-4219-b1cf-2e91ce8fdb11",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "we can compare this result with the \"hex public key\" above, generated by Rana"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 142,
   "id": "d3f759e9-57f2-456b-9edd-f5fb1aba7fc2",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "b16_encoded_data = b16encode(decoded_data)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 143,
   "id": "450b95f6-4a18-4a79-9676-a762d50506fb",
   "metadata": {
    "tags": []
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "b'0000052C7B6230C64ED41D8AB5AC32AD84B225B20F94B8C7E401113CF698E4F5'"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 143,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "b16_encoded_data"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 145,
   "id": "de784bb6-1c1f-4e75-b01b-ec963403217b",
   "metadata": {
    "tags": []
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "hex_str = b16_encoded_data.decode(\"utf-8\").lower()"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 146,
   "id": "2e43d0b3-5463-4db9-9e27-e2a3c9598f59",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "'0000052c7b6230c64ed41d8ab5ac32ad84b225b20f94b8c7e401113cf698e4f5'"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 146,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "hex_str"
   ]
  }
 ],
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