After losing access to rEFInd yet again (Windows 10 Anniversary Edition), I was able to find the proper invocation of BCDEdit thanks to a helpful person on StackOverflow. None of the Microsoft documentation mentions this, but you NEED single quotes around {bootmgr} for sure if you are in the PowerShell shell, but possibly also if you are in the Command Prompt. This allowed me to add a new entry for rEFInd and I've had to do this multiple times so I know it works on Windows 10.
bcdedit /set {bootmgr} path \EFI\refind\refind_x64.efi
becomes
bcdedit /set '{bootmgr}' path \EFI\refind\refind_x64.efi