Add regular-expression filter under /etc/fail2ban/filter.d/keycloak.conf:
[INCLUDES]
before = common.conf
[Definition]
_threadName = [a-z][-_0-9a-z]*(\s[a-z][-_0-9a-z]*)*
_userId = (null|[0-9a-fA-F]{8}-[0-9a-fA-F]{4}-[0-9a-fA-F]{4}-[0-9a-fA-F]{4}-[0-9a-fA-F]{12})