jorendorff potetm: OK, a quick thought on the value of a single test, from a mathematical perspective.
Any program has a "configuration space", to use a term from physics. That's the set of all possible states the program can be in. if you're testing a single stateless function, then the set of all inputs. I tend to think of it as a 3D volume - and if it just so happens that the function has three numeric arguments, or the program has 3 variables, that's what it is :)
A test, as you pointed out earlier, probes a single point in this space. That does not seem very valuable! And indeed if the function you're testing is implemented as a giant (cond)
with one case for each possible input, it would be useless. Each test could only test a single code path. Testing them all would be impractical.
The mathematical reason testing can be more effective than it seems at first is that lambdas are quite small, so bugs tend to affect many possible combinations of inputs -- huge, often contiguous, swaths of the 3D s