The guide below I wrote mostly for myself as a "notebook" of info I found, but then slightly expanded it with stuff that may be useful to others.
As of finishing writing, I have 16 hours of CoQ playtime and have a level 20 character, definitelly still a beginner as well, perhaps a slightly seasoned beginner.
My previous roguelike experience included beating DCSS with a minotaur berserker and playing a good amount of POWDER on my celphone.
The game is a tad opaque. As this Qud denizen explains (I don't agree with his overall opinion):