rameerez

☁️ How I got off the cloud and migrated everything from AWS to a VPS in Hetzner

This is an opinionated handbook on how I migrated all my Rails apps off the cloud and into VPS.

This is how I manage real production loads for my Rails apps. It assumes:

• Rails 7+
• Ruby 3+
• PostgreSQL
• Ubuntu Server 24.04
• Capistrano, Puma, Nginx

rameerez

#!/bin/bash

# Ensure the script is run as root
if [ "$(id -u)" -ne 0 ]; then
    echo -e "${RED}ERROR: This script must be run as root.${NC}"
    exit 1
fi

# Define aesthetics
RED='\033[0;31m'

rameerez

#!/bin/bash

# Ensure the script is run as root
if [ "$(id -u)" -ne 0 ]; then
    echo -e "\e[31mERROR: This script must be run as root.\e[0m"
    exit 1
fi

# Define aesthetics
GREEN='\033[0;32m'

rameerez

#!/bin/bash

# Ensure the script is run as root
if [[ $EUID -ne 0 ]]; then
   echo "This script must be run as root"
   exit 1
fi

# Define aesthetics
GREEN='\033[0;32m'

rameerez

# You need to give the Lambda the following permissions.
# Head to the Lambda page, and under Configuration > Permissions > Resource-based policy statements add a new policy statement:
#  - Select "AWS Service"
#  - On "Service", choose "Other"
#  - Statement ID: AlarmAction
#  - Principal: lambda.alarms.cloudwatch.amazonaws.com
#  - Source ARN: arn:aws:cloudwatch:us-east-1:YOUR_ACCOUNT_ID:alarm:*
#  - Action: lambda:InvokeFunction
#
# The same result can be achieved with `aws-cli`:

rameerez

# Needed previous configuration:
# 
# - In UptimeRobot, configure a new **Webhook** Alert Contact with this POST payload:
#   ```
#   {
#     "monitorID": "*monitorID*",
#     "monitorURL": "*monitorURL*",
#     "monitorFriendlyName": "*monitorFriendlyName*",
#     "alertType": "*alertType*",
#     "alertTypeFriendlyName": "*alertTypeFriendlyName*",

rameerez

#!/bin/bash

# This script takes a clean Ubuntu Server 24.04 LTS AMI and installs and configures
# everything needed to deploy a Rails 7 app to it. The resulting state is a secure,
# production-ready instance.

set -euo pipefail

# --- AESTHETICS ---

rameerez

#!/bin/bash

# This scripts performs the initial setup for an EC2 AMI that has
# been previously prepared to accept Rails apps.


# --- USER DATA SCRIPT STARTS ---

# Configure SSH key for the rails user (same as ubuntu, AWS configured key)
sudo mkdir /home/rails/.ssh

rameerez

#!/bin/bash

# This scrips takes a clean AWS Amazon Linux 2023 AMI and installs and configures
# everything needed to deploy a Rails app to it. The resulting state is a clean
# instance that can be used to build a base AMI for an EC2 ASG.


# --- AESTHETICS ---

# Define the color code for green for echo messages

rameerez

{
    "Version": "2012-10-17",
    "Statement": [
        {
            "Sid": "VisualEditor0",
            "Effect": "Allow",
            "Action": [
                "s3:PutObject",
                "s3:GetObject",
                "s3:PutBucketPublicAccessBlock",