| OSI layer | User space | Kernel space |
|---|---|---|
| Layer 7 — Application | OIDC, OAuth2, HTTP, HTTPS, HTTP/2, HTTP/3, gRPC, TELNET, CAC-based login flows | eBPF sometimes, for L7 observability when paired with parsers/agents |
| Layer 6 — Presentation | TLS libraries, HTTPS, certificate handling, CAC certificate use | Usually not kernel; TLS is mostly user-space, though kernel TLS exists in some systems |
| Layer 5 — Session | OAuth/OIDC login sessions, TLS se |
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| %%manim -qm -v WARNING OIDCSimpleIDTokenFlow | |
| from manim import * | |
| import numpy as np | |
| class OIDCSimpleIDTokenFlow(MovingCameraScene): | |
| def make_lane(self, title, x, width=3.0, height=6.4): | |
| body = RoundedRectangle( | |
| corner_radius=0.12, | |
| width=width, |
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| %%manim -qm -v WARNING OIDCAppsK8sAmbientFlow | |
| from manim import * | |
| import numpy as np | |
| class OIDCAppsK8sAmbientFlow(MovingCameraScene): | |
| # ---------- helpers ---------- | |
| def make_lane(self, title, x, width=3.0, height=6.4): | |
| body = RoundedRectangle( |
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| # This example session in on Mac | |
| # | |
| # % docker compose up -d ssh-server | |
| # [+] up 2/2 | |
| # ✔ Network qday-test_sshnet Created | |
| # ✔ Container ssh-pqc-server Started | |
| # | |
| # % ssh -vvv -p 2222 -o StrictHostKeyChecking=no -o UserKnownHostsFile=/dev/null -o Ciphers=aes128-ctr \ | |
| # testuser@localhost 2>&1 | grep -E "kex: " | |
| # debug1: kex: algorithm: ecdh-sha2-nistp256 |
Codex provides a slash command to check status called /status. This command cannot be ran outside of Codex.
To get similar results (for now just the timing/amount), this script reviews local storage to report similar infomration via CLI tool
# create script in local `$HOME/bin` directory
mkdir ~/bin
| Date | Model | Lab | Purpose | Size | Interesting fact |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2019-02-14 | GPT-2 | OpenAI | General language generation | Up to 1.5B | Staged release due misuse concerns; full 1.5B release came later in 2019. ([OpenAI][1]) |
| 2020-05-29 | GPT-3 | OpenAI | General LLM / few-shot learning | 175B | Made “prompting” and few-shot learning a mainstream concept. ([arXiv][2]) |
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| class MyMeta(type): | |
| def __new__(cls, name, bases, attrs): | |
| mod_attrs = {} | |
| for attr_name, attr_value in attrs.items(): | |
| if attr_name.startswith("__"): | |
| mod_attrs[attr_name] = attr_value | |
| continue | |
| cap_name = attr_name.capitalize() |
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| import subprocess | |
| import os | |
| import time | |
| # Start the Python REPL in interactive mode, with a pipe for stdin and stdout | |
| proc = subprocess.Popen( | |
| ["python3", "-i"], | |
| stdin=subprocess.PIPE, | |
| stdout=subprocess.PIPE, | |
| stderr=subprocess.STDOUT # Merge stderr into stdout for simplicity |
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| ... | |
| - initcontainers | |
| - name: blocker | |
| - command: | |
| - sh | |
| - -x | |
| - -c | |
| - | | |
| broken = true | |
| till_not_broken broken: |
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