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Roslyin Compiler Support for Type Classes

This documentation describes potential implementation of Type Classes and Shapes features in Roslyn compiler.

Goals:

1. Provide a solution without extra modification of .NET CLR
2. Stay backward compatible so previous versions of C# programming language can use generic types constrained with type classes
3. Stay CLS compliant
4. Provide interoperability between different .NET languages

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The following code allows to discover MTU between your local machine and remote host in C#:

static int? DiscoverMtu(IPAddress address, int timeout, int ttl = 240)
        {
            const int icmpEchoHeaderSize = 8;
            const int mtuMinSize = 60;
            const int mtuMaxSize = 65500;
            int mtuLowerBound = mtuMinSize, mtuUpperBound = mtuMaxSize;
            var bestMtu = default(int?);
            using var ping = new Ping();

sakno

using System;
using System.IO;
using BenchmarkDotNet.Attributes;
using BenchmarkDotNet.Engines;
using BenchmarkDotNet.Order;
using Microsoft.IO;

namespace DotNext.Buffers
{
    using IO;

sakno

public class LockFreeQueue<T>
{
    private Node? head, tail;

    private void EnqueueWithContention(Node currentTail, Node newNode)
    {
        var tmp = currentTail;
        do
        {
            currentTail = tmp;