If you have a bunch of structs with common properties or functions (in the English sense, not the CS sense), it makes sense to define a parent type (or base type) encoding those common properties and functions, and have other types inherit those properties and functions from the parent.
If type A inherits from type B, then A is a subtype (or child type) of B. A subtype is a "more specific" version of its parent type.
Here is the syntax for declaring a subtype: