Note: This is a bit of a scratch to see what's involved in getting the ping sensor to work as an I2C backpack.
I did this on a Trinket as that's what I had to hand to make programming a bit faster. If you use a trinket you will need the custom arduino. Check out the Adafruit Trinket info https://learn.adafruit.com/introducing-trinket/introduction
You also need a custom form of the TinyWireS library that manages sending multiple registers on one read request (the