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# Say I have some short-hand labels like "Ec/q",
# which actually stand for "E. coli & quinolones",
# but I want "E. coli" to be in italics

library(tidyverse)

n <- 100

tibble(
  x = rnorm(n),

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sigfig <- function(x, n = 2) {
  formatC(signif(x, digits = n), digits = n, format = "fg", flag = "#")
}

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library(tidyverse)

# "faithful" is a dataset about a geyser, showing size of eruption vs. waiting
# time before the eruption
data <- as_tibble(datasets::faithful) %>%
  mutate(index = 1:n()) %>%
  head(10)

data

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import polars as pl

# Making data frames ------------------------------------------
#  with dictionary
df = pl.DataFrame({
    'name': ['foo', 'bar', 'baz'],
    'bar': [0, 1, 2],
    'qux': [0.0, 1.0, 2.0]
})

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#' @param list_of_plots plots to save, one per page
#' @param path path to output pdf
#' @param ... additional arguments to `ggplot2::ggsave()`
save_multipage_pdf <- function(list_of_plots, path, ...) {
  # path must end with .pdf
  stopifnot(grepl("\\.pdf$", path))
  ggplot2::ggsave(
    path,
    gridExtra::marrangeGrob(list_of_plots, ncol = 1, nrow = 1)
    ...

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import polars as pl
import numpy as np

baseline_pars = {
    "N": int(1e3),
    "p_hospitalized": 0.10,
    "hosp_time_fun": lambda rng, size: rng.normal(loc=0.0, scale=1.0, size=size),
    "p_vax": 0.25,
    "vax_time_fun": lambda rng, size: rng.normal(loc=0.0, scale=1.0, size=size),
    "ve": 0.50,

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import numpy as np


class MyRNG:
    def __init__(self, seed):
        # store the global state, so we can reset it
        global_state = np.random.get_state()
        # set the seed and get the state
        np.random.seed(seed)
        self.state = np.random.get_state()

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class MyClass:
    def __init__(self):
        self.report()

    def report(self):
        print("Initializing MyClass")


class MySubClass(MyClass):
    def __init__(self):

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#' Find peaks in a vector
#'
#' Which elements of a vector are greater than the value to their left and
#' right? First and last values need only be greater than their adjacent value.
#'
#' @param x vector of values
#' @return boolean vector of peak positions
is_peak <- function(x) {
  n <- length(x)
  x_i_minus_1 <- c(-Inf, x[1:(n - 1)])

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def diff0(x: pl.Expr, first_value=0.0) -> pl.Expr:
    """
    Get the differenced vector, putting a certain value (not null)
    in the first place
    """
    i = pl.arange(0, x.len())
    return pl.when(i == 0).then(first_value).otherwise(x.diff())