Say you have a large amount of data you want to send in a folder, say /path/to/large/data
.
Make a new folder, somewhere it can be accessed by your recipient, by FTP / scp / ssh / HTTP, whatever.
E.g. /other/path/to/parts
. Then do:
SOURCE="/path/to/large/data"
DEST="/other/path/to/parts"
tar cf - "$SOURCE" | gzip | split -da6 -b10M - "$DEST"/part.
sha1sum "$DEST"/part.* >"$DEST"/checksums.txt
Be careful to omit trailing slashes, as in the first two lines above.