(366 words)
Before European colonization, the only humans living in (the land that contemporary American Society calls) San Francisco and the East Bay were various native tribes now collectively known as the Ohlone. (The name "Costanoan", from the Spanish costeño, coast-dweller, is also sometimes used, but Ohlone—which is at least of indigenous etymology—tends to be preferred.) They subsisted in the economic mode of hunter-gatherers: living in thatch villages and killing local wildlife and plants to survive (Gray-Kanatiiosh 8–11). Acorn meal was a specialty.
The Ohlone population in 1770 was estimated at about 10,000 (Gray-Kanatiiosh 24). As of the 2020 U.S. Census (which uses the term Costanoan), there are only 4,000 left (U.S. Census Bureau); other sources claim only 550 left (Gray-Kanatiiosh 28). The decrease of "only" a factor of 2.5 to 18 goes to underscore the difference in scale between pre-argicultural and industrialized Societies: apparently, it's not (just) that