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from PIL import Image
from glob import glob

# assumed ".jpg" files
def resize_images(files, width, height):
    for f in files:
        img = Image.open(f).resize((width, height)) # Note: this won't keep aspect ratio
        img.save(f.replace('.jpg', '_resized.jpg'))
        
def save_to_pdf(files, pdf_file_name):

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def whoami():
    '''
    To be used within a function.
    Returns the name of the function whoami() is called in.
    '''
    import sys
    return sys._getframe(1).f_code.co_name
    

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logging.basicConfig() configures the root logger. The default log level of basicConfig() is logging.WARNING or 30 (try print(logging.getLogger().level) or print(logging.root.level)).

logging.getLogger(), logging.getLogger(None) and logging.root returns the same root logger.

In [26]: logging.getLogger().level
Out[26]: 30
In [27]: logging.getLogger(__name__).level
Out[27]: 0
In [28]: logging.root is logging.getLogger(), logging.root is logging.getLogger(None)
Out[28]: (True, True)

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import msal

# Optional logging
formatter = '%(asctime)s - %(name)s - %(levelname)s - %(message)s'
# logging.basicConfig(format=formatter, level=logging.DEBUG)  # Enable DEBUG log for entire script
logging.basicConfig(format=formatter) # initialte logging
logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
logger.setLevel(logging.DEBUG)
# logging.getLogger("msal").setLevel(logging.INFO)  # Optionally disable MSAL DEBUG logs

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Convert videos to mp4:

Move MOOV atom to the beginning so that the video can be streamed:
ffmpeg -i orig.mp4 -movflags faststart -c copy out.mp4

ffmpeg -i S04E04.1080p.mkv -c:a copy -c:v libx264 -preset faster -f mp4 -s hd720 -hide_banner S04E04A.720p.mp4

# to specify profile and level for h264 coding:
# to output 8bit, use `-pix_fmt yuv420p`
ffmpeg -i video.mkv -c:a copy -c:v libx264 -profile:v high -level:v 4 -preset faster -pix_fmt yuv420p -f mp4 -s hd720 -hide_banner output.mp4

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def pack_file(file_name, outfile_name, no_of_bytes_to_prefix=100):
    file_name_encoded = bytes(file_name, encoding='utf-8')
    file_name_length = len(file_name_encoded)
    if file_name_length > no_of_bytes_to_prefix:
        raise Exception('file name after utf-8 encoding is too long')
    prefixed_bytes = bytearray(no_of_bytes_to_prefix)
    prefixed_bytes[0:file_name_length] = file_name_encoded
    
    chunk_buffer = 4096
    with open(file_name, 'rb') as infile, open(outfile_name, 'wb') as outfile:

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import hashlib, binascii, os

def hash_password(password):
    """Hash a password for storing."""
    salt = hashlib.sha256(os.urandom(60)).hexdigest().encode('ascii')
    pwdhash = hashlib.pbkdf2_hmac('sha512', password.encode('utf-8'), 
                                salt, 100000)
    pwdhash = binascii.hexlify(pwdhash)
    return (salt + pwdhash).decode('ascii')

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const crypto = require('crypto');
const util = require('util');

const randomBytes = util.promisify(crypto.randomBytes);

async function hashPassword(password) {
  // Hash a password for storing.
  try {
    const buf = await randomBytes(64);
    const salt = crypto.createHash('sha256').update(buf.toString('hex')).digest('hex');

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const fs = require('fs');

function packFile(filename, outfilename, noOfBytesToPrefix = 100) {
    const filenameEncoded = new Buffer.from(filename, 'utf8');
    const filenameLength = filenameEncoded.length;
    if (filenameLength > noOfBytesToPrefix) {
        throw new Error("file name after utf-8 encoding is too long");
    }
    
    let prefixBuffer = new Buffer.allocUnsafe(noOfBytesToPrefix).fill(0);

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Perl:
print "$^V\n"; # 5.26.1
print "$]\n"; # 5.026001

Python:
import sys
print(sys.version) # 3.7.0 (v3.7.0:1bf9cc5093, Jun 27 2018, 04:59:51) [MSC v.1914 64 bit (AMD64)]
print(sys.version_info) # sys.version_info(major=3, minor=7, micro=0, releaselevel='final', serial=0)
import platform
print(platform.python_version()) # 3.7.0