PracticalExam_.idea_misc.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project version="4">
  <component name="CMakeWorkspace" PROJECT_DIR="$PROJECT_DIR$" />
</project>

PracticalExam_.idea_modules.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project version="4">
  <component name="ProjectModuleManager">
    <modules>
      <module fileurl="file://$PROJECT_DIR$/.idea/PracticalExam.iml" filepath="$PROJECT_DIR$/.idea/PracticalExam.iml" />
    </modules>
  </component>
</project>

PracticalExam_.idea_PracticalExam.iml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<module classpath="CMake" type="CPP_MODULE" version="4" />

PracticalExam_CMakeLists.txt

cmake_minimum_required(VERSION 3.8)
project(PracticalExam)

set(CMAKE_CXX_STANDARD 17)

set(SOURCE_FILES main.cpp)
add_executable(PracticalExam ${SOURCE_FILES})

PracticalExam_main.cpp

#include <string> // string
#include <iostream> // cin, cout

using namespace std;

int number_char(char *);

char* map_number(int);

void printOutput(int, int[10], string[10][100]);

void processData(int, int *, string[10][100], int[10]);

int main() {

    cout << "Enter the number of words:\n";

    int numberOfWords;

    cin >> numberOfWords;

    cout << "Enter the words:\n";

    // can only have 100 words at max with 10 letters as a maximum length
    string words[10][100];

    // because we only want to print until we reach the last length with words
    int largestLength = 0;

    // the count of words for each length, also the last index we used in their arrays
    int wordsCount[10];

    // receive and classify the words
    processData(numberOfWords, &largestLength, words, wordsCount);

    // print our output
    printOutput(largestLength, wordsCount, words);

    return 0;
}

/**
 * This is where the logic of our app goes
 * @param numberOfWords the number of words which is entered by the used
 * @param largestLength length of longest word
 * @param words the words we received
 * @param wordsCount count of words for each category
 */
void processData(int numberOfWords, int* largestLength, string words[10][100], int wordsCount[10]) {

    string word;

    for (int i = 0; i < numberOfWords; ++i) {

        cin >> word;
        
        // the length of the word
        int length = number_char(&word[0]);
        // looking for the largest length of all
        
        if (length > *largestLength)
            *largestLength = length;

        // we subtract one because we count from zero
        words[length - 1][wordsCount[length - 1]] = word;

        // increase the count of words (AKA last filled index) for this length
        ++wordsCount[length - 1];
    }
}

/**
 * print our results
 * @param largestLength length of longest word
 * @param wordsCount count of words for each category
 * @param words the words we received
 */
void printOutput(int largestLength, int wordsCount[10], string words[10][100]) {

    for (int i = 0; i < largestLength; ++i) {

        cout << map_number(i + 1) << "-letter words\t" << wordsCount[i];

        for (int j = 0; j < wordsCount[i]; ++j)
            cout << "\t" << words[i][j];

        cout << endl;
    }
}

/**
 * calculates the length of a given string
 * @param s the string to get the length of
 * @return the length of the string
 */
int number_char(char* s) {

    int length = 0;

    // we know a string is finished in memory when we encounter the null terminator
    for (; *s != '\0'; ++s)
        ++length;

    return length;
}

/**
 * gets the literal representation of a given number
 * @param number the number to convert
 * @return the literal representation of the number
 */
char* map_number(int number) {

    // cast the number to a char* and return it
    switch (number) {

        case 1:
            return const_cast<char *>("one");

        case 2:
            return const_cast<char *>("two");

        case 3:
            return const_cast<char *>("three");

        case 4:
            return const_cast<char *>("four");

        case 5:
            return const_cast<char *>("five");

        case 6:
            return const_cast<char *>("six");

        case 7:
            return const_cast<char *>("seven");

        case 8:
            return const_cast<char *>("eight");

        case 9:
            return const_cast<char *>("nine");

        case 10:
            return const_cast<char *>("ten");

        default:
            return const_cast<char *>("");
    }
}