从字符串中提取颜色

UniColor+hex.swift

#if os(iOS) || os(tvOS)
import UIKit
typealias UniColor = UIColor
#else
import Cocoa
typealias UniColor = NSColor
#endif

private extension Int {
    func duplicate4bits() -> Int {
        return (self << 4) + self
    }
}

extension UniColor {
    convenience init?(hexString: String) {
        self.init(hexString: hexString, alpha: 1.0)
    }

    fileprivate convenience init?(hex3: Int, alpha: Float) {
        self.init(red:   CGFloat( ((hex3 & 0xF00) >> 8).duplicate4bits() ) / 255.0,
                            green: CGFloat( ((hex3 & 0x0F0) >> 4).duplicate4bits() ) / 255.0,
                            blue:  CGFloat( ((hex3 & 0x00F) >> 0).duplicate4bits() ) / 255.0,
                            alpha: CGFloat(alpha))
    }

    fileprivate convenience init?(hex6: Int, alpha: Float) {
        self.init(red:   CGFloat( (hex6 & 0xFF0000) >> 16 ) / 255.0,
                            green: CGFloat( (hex6 & 0x00FF00) >> 8 ) / 255.0,
                            blue:  CGFloat( (hex6 & 0x0000FF) >> 0 ) / 255.0, alpha: CGFloat(alpha))
    }

    convenience init?(hexString: String, alpha: Float) {
        var hex = hexString

        if hex.hasPrefix("#") {
            hex = String(hex[hex.index(after: hex.startIndex)...])
        }

        guard let hexVal = Int(hex, radix: 16) else {
            self.init()
            return nil
        }

        switch hex.count {
            case 3: self.init(hex3: hexVal, alpha: alpha)
            case 6: self.init(hex6: hexVal, alpha: alpha)
            default: self.init()
                        return nil
        }
    }

    convenience init?(hex: Int) {
        self.init(hex: hex, alpha: 1.0)
    }

    convenience init?(hex: Int, alpha: Float) {
        if (0x000000 ... 0xFFFFFF) ~= hex {
            self.init(hex6: hex, alpha: alpha)
        } else {
            self.init()
            return nil
        }
    }
}

extension String {
    func toColor() -> UniColor? {
        UniColor(hexString: self)
    }
}

extension Int {
    func toColor(alpha: Float = 1.0) -> UniColor? {
        UniColor(hex: self, alpha: alpha)
    }
}

Usage：

let strColor = "#ff0000" // Red color
let color = strColor.toColor()
 
var red: CGFloat = 0.0
var green: CGFloat = 0.0
var blue: CGFloat = 0.0
var alpha: CGFloat = 0.0
color?.getRed(&red, green: &green, blue: &blue, alpha: &alpha)
print(red, green, blue, alpha)
// 1.0 0.0 0.0 1.0