Dockerfile with asdf + docker install bits

Dockerfile

FROM debian:latest

# Install basic dev packages
RUN apt-get clean && apt-get update && apt-get -y install --no-install-recommends \
    apt-utils \
    openssh-client \
    git \
    gnupg2 \
    dirmngr \
    iproute2 \
    procps \
    lsof \
    htop \
    net-tools \
    psmisc \
    curl \
    wget \
    rsync \
    ca-certificates \
    unzip \
    zip \
    nano \
    vim \
    neovim \
    less \
    jq \
    lsb-release \
    apt-transport-https \
    dialog \
    libc6 \
    libgcc1 \
    libkrb5-3 \
    libgssapi-krb5-2 \
    libicu[0-9][0-9] \
    liblttng-ust0 \
    libstdc++6 \
    zlib1g \
    locales \
    sudo \
    ncdu \
    man-db \
    strace \
    manpages \
    manpages-dev \
    init-system-helpers \
    make \
    build-essential \
# python runtime dependencies
    openssl \
    bzip2 \
    libreadline8 \
    sqlite3 \
    tk \
    xz-utils \
    libxml2 \
    llvm \
# python build dependencies
    build-essential \
    libssl-dev \
    zlib1g-dev \
    libbz2-dev \
    libreadline-dev \
    libsqlite3-dev \
    libncursesw5-dev \
    tk-dev \
    libxml2-dev \
    libxmlsec1-dev \
    libffi-dev \
    liblzma-dev \
# some useful dev utils
    fd-find \
    bat \
    tree \
    zsh && \
    ln -s $(which fdfind) /usr/local/bin/fd && \
    ln -s $(which batcat) /usr/local/bin/bat && \
    rm -rf /var/lib/apt/lists/*

# ensure we use bash for all RUN commands
# use -l to use interactive login shell
# and ensure modifications to bashrc are properly sourced
SHELL ["/bin/bash", "-lc"]

# install asdf to manage all the thingz!!!
RUN git clone https://github.com/asdf-vm/asdf.git ~/.asdf --branch v0.8.1 && \
    echo ". $HOME/.asdf/asdf.sh" >> /root/.bashrc && \
    echo ". $HOME/.asdf/asdf.sh" >> /root/.zshrc

# install plugins
RUN asdf plugin add nodejs && \
    asdf plugin add python && \
    asdf plugin add golang && \
    asdf plugin add awscli && \
    asdf plugin add aws-sam-cli

# install python build dependencies since asdf
# builds from the source
RUN asdf install python 3.9.6 && \
    asdf install nodejs 14.18.2 && \
    asdf install golang 1.18.2

# set global versions
RUN asdf global python 3.9.6 && \
    asdf global nodejs 14.18.2 && \
    asdf global golang 1.18.2

# setup AWS tools separately since many depend on python
RUN asdf install awscli 2.7.28 && \
    asdf install aws-sam-cli 1.56.0 && \
    asdf global awscli 2.7.28 && \
    asdf global aws-sam-cli 1.56.0

# upgrade python and node package managers and install nx workspace manager
RUN pip install --upgrade pip && npm i -g npm@latest && \
    pip install pipenv==v2021.11.23 && npm i -g [email protected]

# install docker
RUN curl -fsSL https://download.docker.com/linux/debian/gpg | gpg --dearmor -o /usr/share/keyrings/docker-archive-keyring.gpg && \
    echo \
        "deb [arch=$(dpkg --print-architecture) signed-by=/usr/share/keyrings/docker-archive-keyring.gpg] https://download.docker.com/linux/debian  $(lsb_release -cs) stable" | \
        tee /etc/apt/sources.list.d/docker.list > /dev/null && \
    apt-get update && \
    apt-get -y --no-install-recommends install docker-ce=5:20.10.12~3-0~debian-bullseye docker-ce-cli=5:20.10.12~3-0~debian-bullseye containerd.io && \
    rm -rf /var/lib/apt/lists/*
    
# easy docker compose and buildx install
COPY --from=docker:20.10 /usr/libexec/docker/cli-plugins /usr/libexec/docker/cli-plugins
RUN dockerd --version && \
    docker --version && \
    docker buildx version && \
    docker compose version

# install boto3
RUN pip install boto3

# set all the things to be sure bash is always used as the default shell
RUN cd /bin && ln -sf bash sh && chsh -s /bin/bash
ENV SHELL=bash
ENV PATH=$PATH:/root/.bin
WORKDIR /root
ENTRYPOINT [ "/bin/bash", "-lc" ]

Apparently, unlike bash -l -c, bash -c just does not load the system-wide and user-specific profiles / bashrc files.
I can see it by comparing strace -e openat bash -c true and strace -e openat bash -lc true.
To force bash -c to load a specific file, it can also be started like BASH_ENV=$ASDF_DIR/asdf.sh bash -c python3 -c 'print("hello")'.