Introduction to Python - Unit 2 Fundamentals

Module 1 Fundamentals 0.0

# [ ] review and run example - note the first element is always index = 0
student_name = "Alton"
print(student_name[0], "<-- first character at index 0")
print(student_name[1])
print(student_name[2])
print(student_name[3])
print(student_name[4])

# [ ] review and run example
student_name = "Jin"
if student_name[0].lower() == "a":
    print('Winner! Name starts with A:', student_name)
elif student_name[0].lower() == "j":
    print('Winner! Name starts with J:', student_name)
else:
    print('Not a match, try again tomorrow:', student_name)

# [ ] review and run example
student_name = "Joana"

# get last letter
end_letter = student_name[-1]
print(student_name,"ends with", "'" + end_letter + "'")
# [ ] review and run example
# get second to last letter
second_last_letter = student_name[-2]
print(student_name,"has 2nd to last letter of", "'" + second_last_letter + "'")
# [ ] review and run example
# you can get to the same letter with index counting + or -
print("for", student_name)
print("index 3 =", "'" + student_name[3] + "'")
print("index -2 =","'" + student_name[-2] + "'")

Module 1 Fundamentals 1.0

# [ ] review and run example
# assign string to student_name
student_name = "Colette"
# addressing the 3rd, 4th and 5th characters using a slice
print("slice student_name[2:5]:",student_name[2:5])

# [ ] review and run example
# assign string to student_name
student_name = "Colette"
# addressing the 3rd, 4th and 5th characters individually
print("index 2, 3 & 4 of student_name:", student_name[2] + student_name[3] + student_name[4])
# [ ] review and run example
long_word = 'Acknowledgement'
print(long_word[2:11])
print(long_word[2:11], "is the 3rd char through the 11th char")
print(long_word[2:11], "is the index 2, \"" + long_word[2] + "\",", "through index 10, \"" + long_word[10] + "\"")

Module 1 Fundamentals 2.0

# [ ] print the first 4 letters of long_word
long_word =  "timeline"
print(long_word [0:4])
# [ ] print the first 4 letters of long_word in reverse
long_word =  "timeline"
print(long_word [-8:-4])
# [ ] print the last 4 letters of long_word in reverse
long_word =  "timeline"
print(long_word [-4:])
# [ ] print the letters spanning indexes 3 to 6 of long_word in Reverse
long_word =  "timeline"
print(long_word [ -3 : -4 : -6])

Module 1 Fundamentals 3.0

# [ ] review and run example
word = "cello"

for letter in word:
    print(letter)
# [ ] review and run example
# note: the variable 'letter' changed to 'item'
word = "trumpet"

for item in word:
    print(item)
# [ ] review and run example
# note: variable is now 'xyz' 
# using 'xyz', 'item' or 'letter' are all the same result
word = "piano"

for xyz in word:
    print(xyz)
# [ ] review and run example
# creates a new string (new_name) adding a letter (ltr) each loop
# Q?: how many times will the loop run?
student_name = "Skye"
new_name = ""

for ltr in student_name:
    if ltr.lower() == "y":
        new_name += ltr.upper()
    else:
        new_name += ltr
print(student_name,"to",new_name)

Module 1 Fundamentals 4.0

# [ ] review and run example
student_name = "Skye"
for letter in student_name[:3]:
    print(letter)
# Iterate BACKWARDS
# [ ] review and run example
print()
student_name = "Skye"
# start at "y" (student_name[2]), iterate backwards
for letter in student_name[2::-1]:
    print(letter)

Module 1 Fundamentals 5.0

#len()
work_tip = "save your code"
# number of characters
len(work_tip)
# letter "e" occurrences
work_tip.count("e")
# find the index of the first space
work_tip.find(" ")
# find the index of "u" searching a slice work_tip[3:6]
work_tip.find("u",3,6)
#These methods return information that we can use to sort or manipulate strings
# [ ] review and run example
work_tip = "save your code"

print("number of characters in string")
print(len(work_tip),"\n")# [ ] create team_names list and populate with 3-5 team name strings
team_name = ["Inter" , "Milan", "Juve" , "Napoli"]
# [ ] print the list
print ("Le prime cinque squadre italiane sono: " , team_name)
# define list of strings
ft_bones = ["calcaneus", "talus", "cuboid", "navicular", "lateral cuneiform", "intermediate cuneiform", "medial cuneiform"]
# display type information
print("ft_bones: ", type(ft_bones))
# print the list
print(ft_bones)
# define list of mixed data type
mixed_list = [1, 34, 0.999, "dog", "cat", ft_bones, age_survey]

# display type information
print("mixed_list: ", type(mixed_list))

# print the list
print(mixed_list)


print('letter "e" occurrences')
print(work_tip.count("e"),"\n")

print("find the index of the first space")
print(work_tip.find(" "),"\n")

print('find the index of "u" searching a slice work_tip[3:9] -', work_tip[3:9])
print(work_tip.find("u",3,9),"\n")

print('find the index of "e" searching a slice work_tip[4:] -', work_tip[4:])
print(work_tip.find("e",4))
# [ ] review and run example
work_tip = "good code is commented code"
print("The sentence: \"" + work_tip + "\" has character length = ", len(work_tip) )
# [ ] review and run example
# find the middle index
work_tip = "good code is commented code"
mid_pt = int(len(work_tip)/2)
# print 1st half of sentence
print(work_tip[:mid_pt])
# print the 2nd half of sentence
print(work_tip[mid_pt:])

#.count()
#returns number of times a character or sub-string occur
# [ ] review and run example
print(work_tip)
print("how many w's? ", work_tip.count("w"))
print("how many o's? ", work_tip.count("o"))
print("uses 'code', how many times? ", work_tip.count("code"))
# [ ] review and run example 
print(work_tip[:mid_pt])
print("# o's in first half")
print(work_tip[:mid_pt].count("o"))
print()
print(work_tip[mid_pt:])
print("# o's in second half")
print(work_tip[mid_pt:].count("o"))

#.find(string)
#returns index of first character or sub-string match, returns -1 if no match found
#.find(string, start index, end index), same as above .find() but searches from optional start and to optional end index
# [ ] review and run example 
work_tip = "good code has meaningful variable names"
print(work_tip)
# index where first instance of "code" starts
code_here = work_tip.find("code")
print(code_here, '= starting index for "code"')
# [ ] review and run example 
# set start index = 13 and end index = 33
print('search for "meaning" in the sub-string:', work_tip[13:33],"\n")
meaning_here = work_tip.find("meaning",13,33)
print('"meaning" found in work_tip[13:33] sub-string search at index', meaning_here)
# [ ] review and run example 
# if .find("o") has No Match, -1 is returned
print ("work_tip:" , work_tip)
location = work_tip.find("o")
# keeps looping until location = -1 (no "o" found)
while location >= 0:
    print("'o' at index =", location)
    # find("o", location + 1) looks for a "o" after index the first "o" was found
    location = work_tip.find("o", location + 1)
print("no more o's")

Module 1 Fundamentals Final

word = input ("Write a quote: ")
new_word = ""
for character in word:
      if character.lower() >= "k":
            print (new_word.upper() )
      elif character.isalpha:
            new_word += character
            print (new_word.lower() )
      else:
            break

Module 2 Fundamental 1.0

# [ ] create team_names list and populate with 3-5 team name strings
team_name = ["Inter" , "Milan", "Juve" , "Napoli"]
# [ ] print the list
print ("Le prime cinque squadre italiane sono: " , team_name)
# define list of strings
ft_bones = ["calcaneus", "talus", "cuboid", "navicular", "lateral cuneiform", "intermediate cuneiform", "medial cuneiform"]
# display type information
print("ft_bones: ", type(ft_bones))
# print the list
print(ft_bones)
# define list of mixed data type
mixed_list = [1, 34, 0.999, "dog", "cat", ft_bones, age_survey]

# display type information
print("mixed_list: ", type(mixed_list))

# print the list
print(mixed_list)

Module 2 Fundamentals 2.0

# [ ] review and run example
print(ft_bones[0], "is the 1st bone on the list")
print(ft_bones[2], "is the 3rd bone on the list")
print(ft_bones[-1], "is the last bone on the list")
# [ ] review and run example
print(ft_bones[1], "is connected to the",ft_bones[3])
# [ ] review and run example
three_ages_sum = age_survey[0] + age_survey[1] + age_survey[2]
print("The first three ages total", three_ages_sum)

Module 2 Fundamentals 3.0

#while loop .append()
#define an empty list: bday_survey
#get user input, bday, asking for the day of the month they were born (1-31) or "q" to finish
#using a while loop (while user not entering "quit")
#append the bday input to the bday_survey list
#get user input, bday, asking for the day of the month they were born (1-31) or "q" to finish
#print bday_survey list
# [ ] complete the Birthday Survey task above
bday_survey = [  ]
while True:
    user = input ( "Your date of birth or quit: " )
    if user.isdigit():
        bday_survey.append ( user )
    elif user.startswith ( "q" ):
        break
print("the survey is " ,  bday_survey ) 

Module 2 Fundamentals 4.0

ft_bones = ["calcaneus", "talus", "cuboid", "navicular", "lateral cuneiform", 
            "intermediate cuneiform", "medial cuneiform"]
# [ ] print ft_bones list
print (ft_bones)
# [ ] delete "cuboid" from ft_bones
del ft_bones [ 3 ]
# [ ] delete "navicular" from list
del ft_bones [ 5 ]
# [ ] reprint list
print (ft_bones)
# [ ] check for deletion of "cuboid" and "navicular"
new_bones = ft_bones.find ( "cuboid" , "navicular" )
print (new_bones)

Module 2 Fundamentals 5.0

# [ ] pop() and print the first and last items from the ft_bones list
ft_bones = ["calcaneus", "talus", "cuboid", "navicular", "lateral cuneiform", 
            "intermediate cuneiform", "medial cuneiform"]
ft_bones. pop ( 0 )
ft_bones. pop ( -1 )
# [ ] print the remaining list
print ("New list " , ft_bones)

Module 2 Fundamentals 6.0

# create a list of purchased item empity
purchase_amounts = [ ]

#while loop to add item if done is entered stop
while True:
      amounts = input("How much purchase or quit ")
      purchase_amounts += amounts
      if amounts.startswith ("q" ):
#print the list
            print(purchase_amounts)
            break

Module 2 Fundamentals Final 1.0

#def and return, using print output, input, if, in (something is in the list)keywords, .append(), .pop(), .remove() list methods.
animals = [ "cat" , "dog", "horse" ]
new_animals = input ("enter the name of an animal or quit: ")
def mammals (the_animals):
#delete an animal
    if new_animals in animals:
          animals. remove ( new_animals)
          return "1 instance of" , new_animals, "removed from  " , animals
# pop an animal
    elif  new_animals == "":
          popped = animals.pop()
          return popped, "popped from " , animals
#quit function
    elif new_animals.startswith("q") :
          return"Goodbye" , animals
# append an animal
    elif new_animals not in animals:
          animals.append ( new_animals)
          return "1 instance of " , new_animals ,  "appended to " , animals
    

animals_a = mammals
print(animals_a)

Module 2 Fundamentals Final 1.1

#def and return, using print output, input, if, in (something is in the list)keywords, .append(), .pop(), .remove() list methods.
#list of animals
animals = [ "cat" , "dog", "horse" ]
new_animals = input ("enter the name of an animal or quit: ")
#delete an animal
if new_animals in animals:
      animals. remove ( new_animals)
      print ("1 instance of" , new_animals, "removed from list")
      print(animals)
# pop an animal
elif  new_animals == " ":
      popped = animals.pop()
      print (popped, "popped from list")
      print(animals)
#quit function
elif new_animals.startswith("q") :
      print ( "Goodbye")
      print(animals)
# append an animal
elif new_animals not in animals:
      animals.append ( new_animals)
      print ("1 instance of " , new_animals ,  "appended to list" )
      print(animals)
   

Module 3 Fundamentals 1.0

# create a list of 4 to 6 strings: birds
birds = [ "falcon" , "pigeon" , "albatros" , "dove"]
# print each bird in the list
for bird in birds:
      print(bird)
# [ ]  create a list of 7 integers: player_points
player_points = [ 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 , 12 , 13 , 14 ,15 ]
double_point = 0
# [ ] print double the points for each point value
for point in player_points:
      double_point = point * 2
      print(double_point)

Module 3 Fundamentals 2.0

# [ ] Using cities, from the example in previous page. iterate through the list using "for"/"in"
cities = ["New York", "Shanghai", "Munich", "Tokyo", "Dubai", "Mexico City", "São Paulo", "Hyderabad"]
# [ ] sort into lists with "A" in the city name and without "A" in the name: a_city & no_a_city
a_city = [ ]
no_a_city = [ ]
letter = "a"
for cities_a in cities:
      if letter in cities_a:
            a_city.append(cities_a)
      else:
            no_a_city.append(cities_a)
print("City with an A" , a_city)
print("City without an A" , no_a_city)

Module 3 Fundamentals 3.0

#while loop to add animal
add_animals = [ ]

while True:
      new_animals = input ("add an animal: ")
      if new_animals not in add_animals:
            add_animals.append(new_animals)
      elif new_animals != new_animals.isalpha ():
            break
print (add_animals)
#animal list
animals = ["Chimpanzee", "Panther", "Wolf", "Armadillo"]
#merge the two list
animals.extend(add_animals)
print(animals)
#merge the list and puted in reversed and sorted
animals.reverse()
print("reversed " , animals)
animals.sort()
print("sorted" , animals)

Module 3 Fundamentals Final

# if, input, def, return, for/in keywords, .lower() and .upper() method, .append, .pop, .split methods, range and len functions
def poem (word_list):
      word_list = input("Please input your poem: ")
      word_list.split()
      len(word_list)
      if word in word_list:
            word <= str(3)
            word.lower()
            return "lower " , word_list
      if word in word_list:
            word >= str(7)
            word.upper()
            return "upper " , word_list
      while word_list >= str(5):
            range(-5,0,1).pop()
            word_list.pop(-5)
            new_words.append(word_list)
            word_list.pop(1)
            new_words.append(word_list)
            word_list.pop()
            new_words.append(word_list)
            return "popped" , word_list
word_list = input("Please input your poem: ")
print("lower " , word_list + "\n"  + "upper" ,word_list + "\n" +"popped" , word_list )