uv on distroless Dockerfile with multi-stage build and debugging feature

Dockerfile

ARG PYTHON_VERSION=3.13
ARG VENV_DIR=/opt/venv
ARG APP_DIR=/opt/app

ARG PYTHON_BIN_PATH=/python

# =================================================================
FROM ghcr.io/astral-sh/uv:bookworm-slim AS builder

# Inherit Common environment variables
ARG PYTHON_VERSION
ARG APP_DIR
ARG VENV_DIR

ARG PYTHON_BIN_PATH

# Settings for uv to use in distroless
ENV UV_COMPILE_BYTECODE=1 \
    UV_LINK_MODE=copy \
    UV_PYTHON_INSTALL_DIR=${PYTHON_BIN_PATH} \
    UV_PYTHON_PREFERENCE=only-managed \
    UV_PROJECT_ENVIRONMENT=${VENV_DIR}

# Install and create venv
RUN uv python install ${PYTHON_VERSION} && \
    uv venv ${VENV_DIR}

WORKDIR ${APP_DIR}

# Install dependencies
RUN --mount=type=cache,target=/root/.cache/uv \
    --mount=type=bind,source=uv.lock,target=uv.lock \
    --mount=type=bind,source=pyproject.toml,target=pyproject.toml \
    uv sync --frozen --no-install-project --no-dev --no-editable

COPY ./ ${APP_DIR}

# =================================================================
FROM ubuntu:24.04 AS developer

# Inherit Common environment variables
ARG PYTHON_BIN_PATH
ARG VENV_DIR
ARG APP_DIR

ENV UV_PROJECT_ENVIRONMENT=${VENV_DIR}

COPY --from=ghcr.io/astral-sh/uv:latest /uv /uvx /bin/

# Copy built artifacts
COPY --from=builder ${PYTHON_BIN_PATH} ${PYTHON_BIN_PATH}
COPY --from=builder ${VENV_DIR} ${VENV_DIR}
COPY --from=builder ${APP_DIR} ${APP_DIR}

ENV PATH="${VENV_DIR}/bin:$PATH"

WORKDIR ${APP_DIR}

RUN uv sync --dev

# =================================================================
FROM gcr.io/distroless/base-debian12:nonroot AS runner

# Inherit Common environment variables
ARG PYTHON_BIN_PATH
ARG VENV_DIR
ARG APP_DIR

# Copy built artifacts
COPY --from=builder --chown=nonroot:nonroot ${PYTHON_BIN_PATH} ${PYTHON_BIN_PATH}
COPY --from=builder --chown=nonroot:nonroot ${VENV_DIR} ${VENV_DIR}
COPY --from=builder --chown=nonroot:nonroot ${APP_DIR} ${APP_DIR}

ENV PATH="${VENV_DIR}/bin:$PATH"

WORKDIR ${APP_DIR}

CMD ["python", "main.py"]