Send test email from CLI using Microsoft Graph API

msgraph_send_email.py

#!/usr/bin/env -S uv run
#
# /// script
# requires-python = ">=3.11"
# dependencies = [
#   "azure-identity",
#   "msgraph-sdk",
# ]
# ///
#
# Minimal example to send an email using Microsoft Graph API.
#
# Prerequisites:
#   1. Register an app in Azure Portal (https://portal.azure.com)
#   2. Under "Certificates & secrets", create a client secret
#   3. Under "API permissions", add Microsoft Graph > Application > Mail.Send
#   4. Grant admin consent for the Mail.Send permission
#   5. Set the environment variables below
#
# Environment variables:
#   MICROSOFT_GRAPH_TENANT_ID=your-azure-tenant-id
#   MICROSOFT_GRAPH_CLIENT_ID=your-app-client-id
#   MICROSOFT_GRAPH_CLIENT_SECRET=your-app-client-secret
#
# Usage:
#   ./msgraph_send_email.py --from sender@example.com --to recipient@example.com \
#                           --subject "Hello" --body "Test email"

import argparse
import asyncio
import os

from azure.identity import ClientSecretCredential
from msgraph import GraphServiceClient
from msgraph.generated.models.body_type import BodyType
from msgraph.generated.models.email_address import EmailAddress
from msgraph.generated.models.item_body import ItemBody
from msgraph.generated.models.message import Message
from msgraph.generated.models.recipient import Recipient
from msgraph.generated.users.item.send_mail.send_mail_post_request_body import (
    SendMailPostRequestBody,
)

TENANT_ID = os.environ.get("MICROSOFT_GRAPH_TENANT_ID")
CLIENT_ID = os.environ.get("MICROSOFT_GRAPH_CLIENT_ID")
CLIENT_SECRET = os.environ.get("MICROSOFT_GRAPH_CLIENT_SECRET")

SCOPES = ["https://graph.microsoft.com/.default"]


async def send_email(from_addr: str, to_addr: str, subject: str, body: str) -> None:
    """Send an email using Microsoft Graph API with client credentials authentication."""

    credential = ClientSecretCredential(
        tenant_id=TENANT_ID,
        client_id=CLIENT_ID,
        client_secret=CLIENT_SECRET,
    )
    client = GraphServiceClient(credentials=credential, scopes=SCOPES)

    message = Message(
        subject=subject,
        body=ItemBody(content=body, content_type=BodyType.Text),
        to_recipients=[
            Recipient(email_address=EmailAddress(address=to_addr)),
        ],
    )

    request_body = SendMailPostRequestBody(message=message, save_to_sent_items=True)
    await client.users.by_user_id(from_addr).send_mail.post(request_body)

    print(f"Email sent from {from_addr} to {to_addr}")


def main() -> None:
    parser = argparse.ArgumentParser(description="Send email via Microsoft Graph API")
    parser.add_argument("--from", dest="from_addr", required=True, help="Sender email")
    parser.add_argument("--to", required=True, help="Recipient email address")
    parser.add_argument("--subject", required=True, help="Email subject")
    parser.add_argument("--body", required=True, help="Email body text")
    args = parser.parse_args()

    missing = []
    if not TENANT_ID:
        missing.append("MICROSOFT_GRAPH_TENANT_ID")
    if not CLIENT_ID:
        missing.append("MICROSOFT_GRAPH_CLIENT_ID")
    if not CLIENT_SECRET:
        missing.append("MICROSOFT_GRAPH_CLIENT_SECRET")

    if missing:
        print(f"Error: Missing environment variables: {', '.join(missing)}")
        return

    asyncio.run(send_email(args.from_addr, args.to, args.subject, args.body))


if __name__ == "__main__":
    main()