I will try to consolidate my knowledge about Docker here

docker.md

How to use Docker

As Node.js powered development environment

Initialize new container with name my_project

docker run -it -d -v "$(PWD)":/app -v /app/node_modules -w /app -p 8080:8080 --name my_project node:8 /bin/bash

Notice how we mount new volume above node_modules folder. In this way, we significantly improve performance for host machines powered by OSX or Windows. Otherwise, we will stay with a poor native performance when the Docker synchronize file system state on host and container on npm install command execution.

Install project dependencies

docker exec -it my_project npm install

Remove container and clean up volumes

docker stop my_project
docker rm my_project
docker volume prune

Enter inside container

docker start my_project
docker exec -it my_project /bin/bash

Run NPM script in container

docker start my_project
docker exec -it my_project npm run test

We can group those commands in Makefile

build:
	docker run -it -d -v '$(CURDIR)':/app -v /app/node_modules -w /app -p 8080:8080 --name my_project node:8 /bin/bash
	docker exec -it my_project npm install

clean:
	docker stop my_project
	docker rm my_project
	docker volume prune

rebuild: clean build

start:
	docker start my_project

connect: start
	docker exec -it my_project /bin/bash
	
test: start
	docker exec -it my_project npm run test

Then just execute any of those like make build