FROM: https://unix.stackexchange.com/questions/80305/mounting-a-squashfs-filesystem-in-read-write
As root, copy filesystem.squashfs to some empty dir, e.g.:
cp /mnt/clonezilla/live/filesystem.squashfs /path/to/workdir
cd /path/to/workdir
Unpack the file then move it somewhere else (so you still have it as a backup):
unsquashfs filesystem.squashfs
mv filesystem.squashfs /path/to/backup/
Go in squashfs-root, add/modify as per your taste then recreate filesystem.squashfs:
cd /path/to/workdir
mksquashfs squashfs-root filesystem.squashfs -b 1024k -comp xz -Xbcj x86 -e boot
copy the newly created filesystem.squashfs over the existing one on your USB drive, e.g.:
cp filesystem.squashfs /mnt/clonezilla/live/
then reboot and use your LIVE USB.
Note: the above commands are part of squashfs-tools.