IsmagilovQA · January 5, 2022 14:48
diff --git a/gistfile1.txt b/gistfile1.txt
 Basics

 Searching is based on Tags and Attributes.

 Instructions:
 /  -> absolute xpath, start searching from the root node
 // -> relative xpath, starts from the node of your choice
 //* -> we can put * if we don’t want to specify tag name (means ANY tag)
 [@attributeName] -> @ means attribute in [ ]
 ‘Value’ -> all values we should put inside ‘ ‘

 //ul[@id=‘menu’]/li[contains(@class, ‘active’)]

 //*[@checked]
 //*[@name=‘email’]
 //*[contains(@title, ’Name’)]
 //*[starts-with(@src, ‘http’)]
 //*[ends-with(@src, ‘.pdf’)] -> only in XPath v.2 (not all browser supports it)

 Combined conditions:
 //label
 //label[.='E-mail']  -> label with text `E-mail`
 //*[contains(@class, ‘error’)]
 //label[contains(@class, ‘error’)]
 //label[contains(@class, ‘error’) and contains(@class, ‘fatal’)]
 //label[contains(@class, ‘error’) and contains(@class, ‘fatal’) and @for=‘email’]

 Moving within DOM
 //div[@id=‘main’]//p   -> // means SOMEWHERE inside
 //div[@id=‘main’]/p    -> / means EXACTLY inside

 //div[@id=‘main’]/div[2]   -> the same as CSS selector: div#main>div:nth-of-type(2)
 In XPath there is no first-child, last-child and nth-child

 Method: Searching by two steps:
 form = driver.findElement(By.id(“login”);
 input = form.findElement(By.xpath(“.//input[@nmae=‘password’]”)) -> do not forget to set .// which means searching inside form (not from the start of DOM)

 Advantages of XPath:
 -  Moving in any directions from child to parent (up):
 //input[@id=‘search’]/../input[@type=‘button’]
 - Searching by text:
 //a[contains(.,’Edit’)]
 - Subqueries:
 //form[.//input[@name=‘password’]]  ->  .// means search relative to the current element

 For XPath queries in dev tool (Console tab) we can use $x(“”)

 http://wiki.umisoft.ru/%D0%9E%D1%81%D0%B8_%D1%8F%D0%B7%D1%8B%D0%BA%D0%B0_Xpath


 XPATH TRAINING -> XPATH-LOCATORS-IN-SELENIUM
 Links -> https://the-internet.herokuapp.com/
 GitHub -> https://github.com/dimashyshkin/xpath-locators-in-selenium

 Relationship of Nodes:

 Each element and attribute has one parent
 * Parents
 * Children -> elements inside another element
 * Siblings  -> nodes which have the same parent (потомство одних родителей)
 * Ancestors -> are node parent, parents parent and so on (прародители)
 * Descendants -> node children, children children (потомки, наследники)

 <html>
 	<head>
 		<script>
 		<meta>
 		<title>

 <html> is a parent of <head> element
 <head> is a child of <html> element
 <script>, <meta>, <title> they are all siblings, because they have same <head> parent
 <html>, <head> are ancestors of <script> element
 <script>, <head> are descendants of <html> element

 Simple XPath
 (Use this link: https://the-internet.herokuapp.com/challenging_dom)
 //tag[@attribute=‘value’]  -> formula
 //div[] - inside we set predicate, div - it’s a tag
 //div[@id] - here how we set attribute ‘id’
 //div[@id=‘content’] - here how we specify the value of the attribute ‘id’ (it can be @class, @name etc.)
 //*[@id=‘content’] - look for any element that has id=‘content’
 //div[@*=‘content’] - look for div element with any attribute that has value =‘ content’
 //*[@*=‘content’] - look for any element with any attribute that has value =‘ content’

 / and // inside Xpath
 (Use this link: https://the-internet.herokuapp.com/challenging_dom)
 //div[@id=‘content’]//a  -> get all descendants links under div[@id=‘content’] element (any child any grandchild inside parent element)
 //div[@id=‘content’]/a  -> get all descendants links immediately only inside its parent element
 //div[@class='large-2 columns']/a") - will look only children links inside div[@class='large-2 columns']
 //div[@class=‘large-12 columns large-centered’]/a -> it’s a grandparent and in this way we find nothing, because between div[@class=‘large-12 columns large-centered’] and a we have another div. So to solve this we should add it like this:
 div[@class=‘large-12 columns large-centered’]/div/a

 Position and Index
 (Use this link: https://the-internet.herokuapp.com/challenging_dom)
 (xpath)[index]
 (xpath)[position()=index]
 (xpath)[last()]
 (xpath)[last() operator index]
 //a[@href='#edit']  - find all links where attribute is @href=and value is ‘#edit'
 (//a[@href='#edit’])[1]  - find first link using index=1
 (//a[@href='#edit’])[position()=1]  - the same result
 (//a[@href='#edit’])[last()]  - return last link in our collection  
 (//a[@href='#edit’])[last()-1]  - return second link from the end
 (//a[@href='#edit’])[last()-2]  - return third link from the end
 (//a[@href='#edit’])[position()<4]  - return first 3 links
 (//div[contains(@class, 'result__snippet')])[2]

 XPath using Text
 (Use this link: https://the-internet.herokuapp.com/disappearing_elements)
 //tag[text()=‘text’]  - this is the syntax
 //tag[contains(text(), ‘text’)]
 //tag[contains(., ‘text’)]
 //tag[not(contains(., ‘text’))]
 //a[.=‘link text’] - the same as find by link text
 //a[contains(., ‘partial link text’)] - the same as find by partial link text.

 //a[text()='Home']  -  find element inside ‘a’ tag where text is ‘Home’
 //div[contains(@class, 'result__snippet')][contains(., 'bamboo')] -> will find by partial text in whole text in many desendents.
 //div[contains(@class, 'result__snippet')][contains(text(), 'bamboo')]  -> text() means direct textual content, the full text.
 //div[contains(@class, 'result__snippet')][not(contains(., 'bamboo'))]
 *
 Searching By text (another examples):
 //*[text() = 'hello']
 //*[normalize-space(text()) = 'hello']
 //*[normalize-space() = 'hello']
 //example[contains(text(), 'Hello')]
 //example[. = 'Hello,  I am an example .']
 https://stackoverflow.com/questions/3655549/xpath-containstext-some-string-doesnt-work-when-used-with-node-with-more - about text() and ‘.’
 *

 Partial values (handling dynamic ids or big attributes)
 (Use this link: https://the-internet.herokuapp.com/challenging_dom)
 //tag[contains(@attribute, ‘value’)]
 //tag[starts-with(@attribute, ‘value’)]
 //tag[ends-with(@attribute, ‘value’)]
 //tag[contains(text(), ‘text’)]
 //tag[starts-with(text(), ‘text’)]

 Here is the DOM:
 <a id="1d41dee0-2989-0138-00d4-2631519864dd" href="" class="button">baz</a>
 <a id="1d423ac0-2989-0138-00d5-2631519864dd" href="" class="button alert">qux</a>
 <a id="1d43a380-2989-0138-00d6-2631519864dd" href="" class="button success">bar</a>

 //a[contains(@id, '2631519864dd')]  - will find all elements which meet the statement contains(@id, '2631519864dd’) - this only the part of id and it is not changed.
 //a[starts-with(@class, 'button')]  - will find all elements where @class attribute starts with same value ‘button’
 //*[contains(text(), 'The hardest part in')]  - will find the text by using partial text

 XPath operators (combining xpaths into one, |, or, and, and not(), not())
 (Use this link: https://the-internet.herokuapp.com/challenging_dom)
 //a[@class='button'] | //a[@class='button alert’]  - 
 we are looking for element //a[@class='button']  OR element //a[@class='button alert’]
 //a[@class='button' or @class='button alert’] - same
 //a[contains(@class, ‘button’) and not(contains(@class, ‘success’))]  - we will find first two links and exclude with operator and not() the third link.
 //th[not(text()=‘Lorem’)]- we will find all headers except header ‘Lorem’
 //a[not(contains(@class, 'header'))]

 XPath Axes
 * Ancestor -> selects all ancestors (parents, grandparents) of the current node
 * Descendant -> selects all descendants (children, grandchildren) of the current node
 * Parent -> select the parent of the current node
 * Child -> selects all children of the current node
 * Following-sibling -> selects all siblings after current node
 * Preceding-sibling -> selects all siblings before current node
 (Use this link: https://the-internet.herokuapp.com/tables)
 ///*[@id='table1']//td[text()='[email protected]']/following-sibling::td/a[@href='#delete']  -> remove specific user from the table (find [email protected] and go to delete button for this specific user);
 //*[@id='table1']//td[text()='[email protected]']/parent::tr/child::td/a[@href='#delete']   -> get the same result but with another approach.
 //a[.//img] - > will select links ‘a’ where inside it there is a ‘img’ tag. Dot here means to start searching from the current node not from beginning of doc.
 //a[contains(@class, 'zcm__link')][preceding::a[@data-zci-link='web']]
 //a[contains(@class, 'zcm__link’)][following::a[@data-zci-link='maps_expanded']]

 //employee/ancestor::* -> select all ancestor nodes of the employee node
 //ancestor::name -> select all ancestors of the name node in context node
 child::* -> select all child nodes of the context node
 child::employee -> select all child elements of employee node
 //name/parent::* -> select parent node of the ‘name’ context node
 //email/parent::employee -> return result node if employee node is parent node of context node
 //employee[@id=3]/preceding::employee -> select all nodes (with child nodes) before the context node
 //employee[@id=1]/following::employee[3] -> select all nodes (with child nodes) after the context node ([3] for specifying one particular element)
 //name/self::* -> selects all names in the the current node
 //descendant::employee -> select all descendants (children, grandchildren) of the employee node in context node


 XPath in Selenium tests
 // Get row for specific email:
 WebElement row = driver.findElement(By.xpath("//*[@id='table1']//td[text()='" + email + "']/parent::*"));
 // Another way to click Delete button for the row:
 row.findElement(By.xpath("./child::td/a[@href='#delete']"));  -> if we want to look only inside the row we should use ./
 // Also correct:
 row.findElement(By.xpath("./descendant::a[@href='#delete']"));

 AND operatior
 //img[@width<20][@height<20] or the same will be ->
 //img[@width<20 and @height<20]

 OR operatior
 //input[@name='q' or @id='search_form_input']

 https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/XPath/Functions


 ////

 //*[@class='dx-template-wrapper']/*[.='4__company_appointment__12477__dxRadioGroup']//ancestor::td/following-sibling::td//dx-button 
 -> to find Delete button for particular row with particular id

 //span[contains(text(),'Add Component’)]. -> add component dropdown

 //span[contains(text(),'Data Field:')]//following-sibling::dx-text-box. -> select the input field in side column based on its label

 /////

 https://docs.google.com/document/d/1PdfKMDfoqFIlF4tN1jKrOf1iZ1rqESy2xVMIj3uuV3g/pub
	Basics

	Searching is based on Tags and Attributes.

	Instructions:
	/ -> absolute xpath, start searching from the root node
	// -> relative xpath, starts from the node of your choice
	//* -> we can put * if we don’t want to specify tag name (means ANY tag)
	[@attributeName] -> @ means attribute in [ ]
	‘Value’ -> all values we should put inside ‘ ‘

	//ul[@id=‘menu’]/li[contains(@class, ‘active’)]

	//*[@checked]
	//*[@name=‘email’]
	//*[contains(@title, ’Name’)]
	//*[starts-with(@src, ‘http’)]
	//*[ends-with(@src, ‘.pdf’)] -> only in XPath v.2 (not all browser supports it)

	Combined conditions:
	//label
	//label[.='E-mail'] -> label with text `E-mail`
	//*[contains(@class, ‘error’)]
	//label[contains(@class, ‘error’)]
	//label[contains(@class, ‘error’) and contains(@class, ‘fatal’)]
	//label[contains(@class, ‘error’) and contains(@class, ‘fatal’) and @for=‘email’]

	Moving within DOM
	//div[@id=‘main’]//p -> // means SOMEWHERE inside
	//div[@id=‘main’]/p -> / means EXACTLY inside

	//div[@id=‘main’]/div[2] -> the same as CSS selector: div#main>div:nth-of-type(2)
	In XPath there is no first-child, last-child and nth-child

	Method: Searching by two steps:
	form = driver.findElement(By.id(“login”);
	input = form.findElement(By.xpath(“.//input[@nmae=‘password’]”)) -> do not forget to set .// which means searching inside form (not from the start of DOM)

	Advantages of XPath:
	- Moving in any directions from child to parent (up):
	//input[@id=‘search’]/../input[@type=‘button’]
	- Searching by text:
	//a[contains(.,’Edit’)]
	- Subqueries:
	//form[.//input[@name=‘password’]] -> .// means search relative to the current element

	For XPath queries in dev tool (Console tab) we can use $x(“”)

	http://wiki.umisoft.ru/%D0%9E%D1%81%D0%B8_%D1%8F%D0%B7%D1%8B%D0%BA%D0%B0_Xpath


	XPATH TRAINING -> XPATH-LOCATORS-IN-SELENIUM
	Links -> https://the-internet.herokuapp.com/
	GitHub -> https://github.com/dimashyshkin/xpath-locators-in-selenium

	Relationship of Nodes:

	Each element and attribute has one parent
	* Parents
	* Children -> elements inside another element
	* Siblings -> nodes which have the same parent (потомство одних родителей)
	* Ancestors -> are node parent, parents parent and so on (прародители)
	* Descendants -> node children, children children (потомки, наследники)

	<html>
	<head>
	<script>
	<meta>
	<title>

	<html> is a parent of <head> element
	<head> is a child of <html> element
	<script>, <meta>, <title> they are all siblings, because they have same <head> parent
	<html>, <head> are ancestors of <script> element
	<script>, <head> are descendants of <html> element

	Simple XPath
	(Use this link: https://the-internet.herokuapp.com/challenging_dom)
	//tag[@attribute=‘value’] -> formula
	//div[] - inside we set predicate, div - it’s a tag
	//div[@id] - here how we set attribute ‘id’
	//div[@id=‘content’] - here how we specify the value of the attribute ‘id’ (it can be @class, @name etc.)
	//*[@id=‘content’] - look for any element that has id=‘content’
	//div[@*=‘content’] - look for div element with any attribute that has value =‘ content’
	//[@=‘content’] - look for any element with any attribute that has value =‘ content’

	/ and // inside Xpath
	(Use this link: https://the-internet.herokuapp.com/challenging_dom)
	//div[@id=‘content’]//a -> get all descendants links under div[@id=‘content’] element (any child any grandchild inside parent element)
	//div[@id=‘content’]/a -> get all descendants links immediately only inside its parent element
	//div[@class='large-2 columns']/a") - will look only children links inside div[@class='large-2 columns']
	//div[@class=‘large-12 columns large-centered’]/a -> it’s a grandparent and in this way we find nothing, because between div[@class=‘large-12 columns large-centered’] and a we have another div. So to solve this we should add it like this:
	div[@class=‘large-12 columns large-centered’]/div/a

	Position and Index
	(Use this link: https://the-internet.herokuapp.com/challenging_dom)
	(xpath)[index]
	(xpath)[position()=index]
	(xpath)[last()]
	(xpath)[last() operator index]
	//a[@href='#edit'] - find all links where attribute is @href=and value is ‘#edit'
	(//a[@href='#edit’])[1] - find first link using index=1
	(//a[@href='#edit’])[position()=1] - the same result
	(//a[@href='#edit’])[last()] - return last link in our collection
	(//a[@href='#edit’])[last()-1] - return second link from the end
	(//a[@href='#edit’])[last()-2] - return third link from the end
	(//a[@href='#edit’])[position()<4] - return first 3 links
	(//div[contains(@class, 'result__snippet')])[2]

	XPath using Text
	(Use this link: https://the-internet.herokuapp.com/disappearing_elements)
	//tag[text()=‘text’] - this is the syntax
	//tag[contains(text(), ‘text’)]
	//tag[contains(., ‘text’)]
	//tag[not(contains(., ‘text’))]
	//a[.=‘link text’] - the same as find by link text
	//a[contains(., ‘partial link text’)] - the same as find by partial link text.

	//a[text()='Home'] - find element inside ‘a’ tag where text is ‘Home’
	//div[contains(@class, 'result__snippet')][contains(., 'bamboo')] -> will find by partial text in whole text in many desendents.
	//div[contains(@class, 'result__snippet')][contains(text(), 'bamboo')] -> text() means direct textual content, the full text.
	//div[contains(@class, 'result__snippet')][not(contains(., 'bamboo'))]
	*
	Searching By text (another examples):
	//*[text() = 'hello']
	//*[normalize-space(text()) = 'hello']
	//*[normalize-space() = 'hello']
	//example[contains(text(), 'Hello')]
	//example[. = 'Hello, I am an example .']
	https://stackoverflow.com/questions/3655549/xpath-containstext-some-string-doesnt-work-when-used-with-node-with-more - about text() and ‘.’
	*

	Partial values (handling dynamic ids or big attributes)
	(Use this link: https://the-internet.herokuapp.com/challenging_dom)
	//tag[contains(@attribute, ‘value’)]
	//tag[starts-with(@attribute, ‘value’)]
	//tag[ends-with(@attribute, ‘value’)]
	//tag[contains(text(), ‘text’)]
	//tag[starts-with(text(), ‘text’)]

	Here is the DOM:
	<a id="1d41dee0-2989-0138-00d4-2631519864dd" href="" class="button">baz</a>
	<a id="1d423ac0-2989-0138-00d5-2631519864dd" href="" class="button alert">qux</a>
	<a id="1d43a380-2989-0138-00d6-2631519864dd" href="" class="button success">bar</a>

	//a[contains(@id, '2631519864dd')] - will find all elements which meet the statement contains(@id, '2631519864dd’) - this only the part of id and it is not changed.
	//a[starts-with(@class, 'button')] - will find all elements where @class attribute starts with same value ‘button’
	//*[contains(text(), 'The hardest part in')] - will find the text by using partial text

	XPath operators (combining xpaths into one, \|, or, and, and not(), not())
	(Use this link: https://the-internet.herokuapp.com/challenging_dom)
	//a[@class='button'] \| //a[@class='button alert’] -
	we are looking for element //a[@class='button'] OR element //a[@class='button alert’]
	//a[@class='button' or @class='button alert’] - same
	//a[contains(@class, ‘button’) and not(contains(@class, ‘success’))] - we will find first two links and exclude with operator and not() the third link.
	//th[not(text()=‘Lorem’)]- we will find all headers except header ‘Lorem’
	//a[not(contains(@class, 'header'))]

	XPath Axes
	* Ancestor -> selects all ancestors (parents, grandparents) of the current node
	* Descendant -> selects all descendants (children, grandchildren) of the current node
	* Parent -> select the parent of the current node
	* Child -> selects all children of the current node
	* Following-sibling -> selects all siblings after current node
	* Preceding-sibling -> selects all siblings before current node
	(Use this link: https://the-internet.herokuapp.com/tables)
	///*[@id='table1']//td[text()='[email protected]']/following-sibling::td/a[@href='#delete'] -> remove specific user from the table (find [email protected] and go to delete button for this specific user);
	//*[@id='table1']//td[text()='[email protected]']/parent::tr/child::td/a[@href='#delete'] -> get the same result but with another approach.
	//a[.//img] - > will select links ‘a’ where inside it there is a ‘img’ tag. Dot here means to start searching from the current node not from beginning of doc.
	//a[contains(@class, 'zcm__link')][preceding::a[@data-zci-link='web']]
	//a[contains(@class, 'zcm__link’)][following::a[@data-zci-link='maps_expanded']]

	//employee/ancestor::* -> select all ancestor nodes of the employee node
	//ancestor::name -> select all ancestors of the name node in context node
	child::* -> select all child nodes of the context node
	child::employee -> select all child elements of employee node
	//name/parent::* -> select parent node of the ‘name’ context node
	//email/parent::employee -> return result node if employee node is parent node of context node
	//employee[@id=3]/preceding::employee -> select all nodes (with child nodes) before the context node
	//employee[@id=1]/following::employee[3] -> select all nodes (with child nodes) after the context node ([3] for specifying one particular element)
	//name/self::* -> selects all names in the the current node
	//descendant::employee -> select all descendants (children, grandchildren) of the employee node in context node


	XPath in Selenium tests
	// Get row for specific email:
	WebElement row = driver.findElement(By.xpath("//[@id='table1']//td[text()='" + email + "']/parent::"));
	// Another way to click Delete button for the row:
	row.findElement(By.xpath("./child::td/a[@href='#delete']")); -> if we want to look only inside the row we should use ./
	// Also correct:
	row.findElement(By.xpath("./descendant::a[@href='#delete']"));

	AND operatior
	//img[@width<20][@height<20] or the same will be ->
	//img[@width<20 and @height<20]

	OR operatior
	//input[@name='q' or @id='search_form_input']

	https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/XPath/Functions


	////

	//[@class='dx-template-wrapper']/[.='4__company_appointment__12477__dxRadioGroup']//ancestor::td/following-sibling::td//dx-button
	-> to find Delete button for particular row with particular id

	//span[contains(text(),'Add Component’)]. -> add component dropdown

	//span[contains(text(),'Data Field:')]//following-sibling::dx-text-box. -> select the input field in side column based on its label

	/////

	https://docs.google.com/document/d/1PdfKMDfoqFIlF4tN1jKrOf1iZ1rqESy2xVMIj3uuV3g/pub