Plastique, a programming language idea

gistfile1.txt

Code flush with the left side is markdown comments.

    ---
        block comments are started and ended with a triple hyphen

        Markdown can be used in normal comments too denoted with a triple dot.

         * which can be used anywhere
         * looks cool
         * doesn't continue until it sees the same again
     
            even "with code" "placed inside"
            code instanceof comment
            -- is ignored in code examples
    ---

    -- double hyphen for a single comment

function calls don't require parenthesis

    alert "blah"
    console.log someObj ", " otherValue
    
Statements are seperated with an end of line or a comma

    a = 1, b = 2, c = a + b

pipes, the >> operator, for piping a value into another
    pane >> bb.add button >> bb.toggleClass 'show'

functions denoted with \ args \
indentation used to show when function ends
    doWork = \a b\
      a *= 2
      return a + b

or

    doWork = \ a b \ return a + b
    
The second \ is optional, you can just use end of line.

    doWork = \ a b
      a *= 2
      return a + b
    
can also use guards
    doWork = \ a b \
      | 0 b | <- 1
      | a b | <- a * b

can add conditions, which are checked at runtime, but can be optimized out with a flag
    doWork = \ a b \
      ensure
        a > b
        isNumber b
        isNumber a
    
      return a + b

guards with conditions
ensure can be at start or end
indentation denotes if used for function or guard
    doWork = \ a b \
      | 0 b |
        ensure isNumber b
        return 1
      | a b |
        return a + b
        ensure
          isNumber a
          isNumber b

: used for type notation
    doWork = \ a:number b:number \
      <- a + b
  
:: used for full conditions, equal to ensures
    doWork = \ (a::isNumber a && a > b) (b::isNumber b) \
      <- a + b

can be used together
    doWork = \ (a:number:: a > b) b:number \
      <- a + b

if statement starts on indentation after an expression
    a > 5
      print a

also means you can do ...
'button.classList' only run if 'button =' evaluates to true
    button = dom.querySelector '.button.show'
      button.classList.remove 'show'
  
0 <= i and i < users.length
  users[i].update

'all' is an operator that allows multiple rules to be listed,
this is to avoid long 'this and, that and, something and, rule and'

    all
      0 <= i
      i < users.lenght
        # updating one more inside 'all of', ends it
        users[i].update

the 'or' version of 'all'

    any
        post.owner_id == user.id
        user.is_admin
            // success!
            edit port user

A longer example, converting my .forward rules into this language
    any of
      # block those fucking mails from Dr Oz
      header_from.contains "Dr. Oz"
      header_from.contains "Dr.Oz"
      header_from.contains "DrOz"
      header_from.contains "DoctorOZ"
      header_from.contains "OZ Daily News"
      header_from.contains "USA SlimSystem"
      header_from.contains "LifeHealthPro"
      header_from.contains "Viagra"
      header_from.contains "viagra"
      header_from.contains "Viiagra"
      header_from.contains "viiagra"
      header_from.contains "Viagrra"
      header_from.contains "viagrra"
      header_from.contains "Pfizer"

      # bullshit mail adverts
      header_subject: contains "Instantly boost your website"
      header_subject: contains "This Stock is in the news"

      # both from and subject start with Chinese ...
      
      any of
        header_from.begins "=?utf-8?B?4"
        header_from.begins "=?utf-8?B?5"
        header_from.begins "=?utf-8?B?6"
        header_from.begins "=?utf-8?B?7"
      and any of
        header_subject.begins "=?utf-8?B?4"
        header_subject.begins "=?utf-8?B?5"
        header_subject.begins "=?utf-8?B?6"
        header_subject.begins "=?utf-8?B?7"

      # any mail in chinese (I can't read it even if it's legit)
      header_content-type.contains "charset=\"GB2312\""

        # success of if here!
        # kill the mail!
        fail
        
for loop using an iterator is denoted using the 'in' keyword

    key in array
        console.log key array[key]

For loop using normal iteration uses 'to' keyword.
i will be initialized to 0 by default.

    i to arguments.length
        puts arguments[i]

iterates from 1 to 3

    start = 1
    end = 3
    i = start to end
        puts i

        

alternative which states where the i starts from; from 1 to arguments.length

    i = 1 to arguments.length
        puts arguments[i]



this is counting down

    i = arguments.length - 1 to 0 step -1
        puts arguments[i]


# Literals

## strings

### Hash-strings

Tokens that start with a # will be seen as a string.
This is for CSS/GUI work.

    -- set the button background to off-white
    button.style.background = #eee
    
    
    
### Number-strings

Numbers that end with text become strings. 
This is for GUI stuff.

    div.style.marginLeft = 10px
    div.style.height = 100%



### Double Quoted Strings

Double-quote strings are multi-line.

    paragraph = "some text
        which continues
        for multiple
        lines"



### Single Quoted Strings

Single-quote strings continue until the end of line, or until a closing quote.

    div.style.margin  = '0 auto 0 auto'

    -- this string hasn't been closed
    div.style.padding = '10px 0 20px 0



### Literal Objects

Objects are created in one of three ways ...

The 'obj' keyword
    someObj = obj
      text "click me"
      class "button class"

    someObj =
        obj
            text "click me"
            class "button class"

The *

    someObj = *
        text "click me"
        class *button class*

    # alternatively


    someObj =
        *
            text "click me"
            class *button class*
    
    someObj =
        * text "click me"
          class *button class*

You can also create objects using braces

    someObj = {
        text "click me"
        class *button class*
    }

    someObj = { x 1 }

Properties can be delimited using commas

    someObj = { x 1, y 2 }

can also have keys on their own with no value
    names = *
      john
      brian
      al
      sam

this is the same as doing ...
    names = {
     john undefined
     brian undefined
     al undefined
     sam undefined
    }

can also use commas
    point = { x 3, y 9 }

array can be started with the 'array' keyword
    ns = array 1 2 3 4 5

also works with multiple lines
    ns = array 
        1
        2
        3
        4
        5

array description
    ns = [ 1 2 3 4 5 ]

closing the array is optional
    ns = [ 1 2 3 4 5

however indentation will put things in the array ...
    ns = [ 1 2 3 4 5
        print "hello world"

Objects can have an anonymous 'constructor' for that particular object.
It is defined as a function with no name or arguments.

    return {
        \
            this[ 'blah' ] = 'foobar'
    }

This translates into the JavaScript code

    return (function() {
        this['blah'] = 'foobar';
    }).call( { } );