*** Credits goes to [email protected] *** MJPEG stream decoder, adapted from AForge.NET so the NewFrame event gives an byte[] back instead of a Bitmap.

MJPEGStream.cs

using System;
using System.IO;
using System.Net;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading;

// AForge Video Library
// AForge.NET framework
//
// Copyright © Andrew Kirillov, 2007-2008
// [email protected]
//

namespace Decoders {
    class MJPEGStream {
        // URL for MJPEG stream
        private string source;

        // received frames count
        private int framesReceived;
        // recieved byte count
        private long bytesReceived;

        // buffer size used to download MJPEG stream
        private const int bufSize = 1024 * 1024;
        // size of portion to read at once
        private const int readSize = 1024;

        private Thread thread = null;
        private ManualResetEvent stopEvent = null;
        private ManualResetEvent reloadEvent = null;

        /// <summary>
        /// New frame event.
        /// </summary>
        /// 
        /// <remarks><para>Notifies clients about new available frame from video source.</para>
        /// 
        /// <para><note>Since video source may have multiple clients, each client is responsible for
        /// making a copy (cloning) of the passed video frame, because the video source disposes its
        /// own original copy after notifying of clients.</note></para>
        /// </remarks>
        /// 
        public event Action<byte[]> NewFrame;

        /// <summary>
        /// Video source error event.
        /// </summary>
        /// 
        /// <remarks>This event is used to notify clients about any type of errors occurred in
        /// video source object, for example internal exceptions.</remarks>
        /// 
        public event Action<string> VideoSourceError;

        /// <summary>
        /// Video playing finished event.
        /// </summary>
        /// 
        /// <remarks><para>This event is used to notify clients that the video playing has finished.</para>
        /// </remarks>
        /// 
        public event Action<ReasonToFinishPlaying> PlayingFinished;

        /// <summary>
        /// Use or not separate connection group.
        /// </summary>
        /// 
        /// <remarks>The property indicates to open web request in separate connection group.</remarks>
        /// 
        public bool SeparateConnectionGroup { get; set; } = true;

        /// <summary>
        /// Video source.
        /// </summary>
        /// 
        /// <remarks>URL, which provides MJPEG stream.</remarks>
        /// 
        public string Source {
            get { return source; }
            set {
                source = value;
                // signal to reload
                if(thread != null) {
                    reloadEvent.Set();
                }
            }
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// Login value.
        /// </summary>
        /// 
        /// <remarks>Login required to access video source.</remarks>
        /// 
        public string Login { get; set; } = null;

        /// <summary>
        /// Password value.
        /// </summary>
        /// 
        /// <remarks>Password required to access video source.</remarks>
        /// 
        public string Password { get; set; } = null;

        /// <summary>
        /// Gets or sets proxy information for the request.
        /// </summary>
        /// 
        /// <remarks><para>The local computer or application config file may specify that a default
        /// proxy to be used. If the Proxy property is specified, then the proxy settings from the Proxy
        /// property overridea the local computer or application config file and the instance will use
        /// the proxy settings specified. If no proxy is specified in a config file
        /// and the Proxy property is unspecified, the request uses the proxy settings
        /// inherited from Internet Explorer on the local computer. If there are no proxy settings
        /// in Internet Explorer, the request is sent directly to the server.
        /// </para></remarks>
        /// 
        public IWebProxy Proxy { get; set; } = null;

        /// <summary>
        /// User agent to specify in HTTP request header.
        /// </summary>
        /// 
        /// <remarks><para>Some IP cameras check what is the requesting user agent and depending
        /// on it they provide video in different formats or do not provide it at all. The property
        /// sets the value of user agent string, which is sent to camera in request header.
        /// </para>
        /// 
        /// <para>Default value is set to "Mozilla/5.0". If the value is set to <see langword="null"/>,
        /// the user agent string is not sent in request header.</para>
        /// </remarks>
        /// 
        public string HttpUserAgent { get; set; } = "Mozilla/5.0";

        /// <summary>
        /// Received frames count.
        /// </summary>
        /// 
        /// <remarks>Number of frames the video source provided from the moment of the last
        /// access to the property.
        /// </remarks>
        /// 
        public int FramesReceived {
            get {
                int frames = framesReceived;
                framesReceived = 0;
                return frames;
            }
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// Received bytes count.
        /// </summary>
        /// 
        /// <remarks>Number of bytes the video source provided from the moment of the last
        /// access to the property.
        /// </remarks>
        /// 
        public long BytesReceived {
            get {
                long bytes = bytesReceived;
                bytesReceived = 0;
                return bytes;
            }
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// Request timeout value.
        /// </summary>
        /// 
        /// <remarks>The property sets timeout value in milliseconds for web requests.
        /// Default value is 10000 milliseconds.</remarks>
        /// 
        public int RequestTimeout { get; set; } = 10000;

        /// <summary>
        /// State of the video source.
        /// </summary>
        /// 
        /// <remarks>Current state of video source object - running or not.</remarks>
        /// 
        public bool IsRunning {
            get {
                if(thread != null) {
                    // check thread status
                    if(thread.Join(0) == false) {
                        return true;
                    }

                    // the thread is not running, so free resources
                    Free();
                }
                return false;
            }
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// Force using of basic authentication when connecting to the video source.
        /// </summary>
        /// 
        /// <remarks><para>For some IP cameras (TrendNET IP cameras, for example) using standard .NET's authentication via credentials
        /// does not seem to be working (seems like camera does not request for authentication, but expects corresponding headers to be
        /// present on connection request). So this property allows to force basic authentication by adding required HTTP headers when
        /// request is sent.</para>
        /// 
        /// <para>Default value is set to <see langword="false"/>.</para>
        /// </remarks>
        /// 
        public bool ForceBasicAuthentication { get; set; }

        /// <summary>
        /// Initializes a new instance of the <see cref="MJPEGStream"/> class.
        /// </summary>
        /// 
        public MJPEGStream() { }

        /// <summary>
        /// Initializes a new instance of the <see cref="MJPEGStream"/> class.
        /// </summary>
        /// 
        /// <param name="source">URL, which provides MJPEG stream.</param>
        /// 
        public MJPEGStream(string source) {
            this.source = source;
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// Start video source.
        /// </summary>
        /// 
        /// <remarks>Starts video source and return execution to caller. Video source
        /// object creates background thread and notifies about new frames with the
        /// help of <see cref="NewFrame"/> event.</remarks>
        /// 
        /// <exception cref="ArgumentException">Video source is not specified.</exception>
        /// 
        public void Start() {
            if(!IsRunning) {
                // check source
                if((source == null) || (source == string.Empty)) {
                    throw new ArgumentException("Video source is not specified.");
                }

                framesReceived = 0;
                bytesReceived = 0;

                // create events
                stopEvent = new ManualResetEvent(false);
                reloadEvent = new ManualResetEvent(false);

                // create and start new thread
                thread = new Thread(new ThreadStart(WorkerThread)) {
                    Name = source
                };

                thread.Start();
            }
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// Signal video source to stop its work.
        /// </summary>
        /// 
        /// <remarks>Signals video source to stop its background thread, stop to
        /// provide new frames and free resources.</remarks>
        /// 
        public void SignalToStop() {
            // stop thread
            if(thread != null) {
                // signal to stop
                stopEvent.Set();
            }
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// Wait for video source has stopped.
        /// </summary>
        /// 
        /// <remarks>Waits for source stopping after it was signalled to stop using
        /// <see cref="SignalToStop"/> method.</remarks>
        /// 
        public void WaitForStop() {
            if(thread != null) {
                // wait for thread stop
                thread.Join();

                Free();
            }
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// Stop video source.
        /// </summary>
        /// 
        /// <remarks><para>Stops video source aborting its thread.</para>
        /// 
        /// <para><note>Since the method aborts background thread, its usage is highly not preferred
        /// and should be done only if there are no other options. The correct way of stopping camera
        /// is <see cref="SignalToStop">signaling it stop</see> and then
        /// <see cref="WaitForStop">waiting</see> for background thread's completion.</note></para>
        /// </remarks>
        /// 
        public void Stop() {
            if(this.IsRunning) {
                stopEvent.Set();
                thread.Abort();
                WaitForStop();
            }
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// Free resource.
        /// </summary>
        /// 
        private void Free() {
            thread = null;

            // release events
            stopEvent.Close();
            stopEvent = null;
            reloadEvent.Close();
            reloadEvent = null;
        }

        // Worker thread
        private void WorkerThread() {
            // buffer to read stream
            byte[] buffer = new byte[bufSize];
            // JPEG magic number
            byte[] jpegMagic = new byte[] { 0xFF, 0xD8, 0xFF };
            int jpegMagicLength = 3;

            ASCIIEncoding encoding = new ASCIIEncoding();

            while(!stopEvent.WaitOne(0, false)) {
                // reset reload event
                reloadEvent.Reset();

                // HTTP web request
                HttpWebRequest request = null;
                // web responce
                WebResponse response = null;
                // stream for MJPEG downloading
                Stream stream = null;
                // boundary betweeen images (string and binary versions)
                byte[] boundary = null;
                string boudaryStr = null;
                // length of boundary
                int boundaryLen;
                // flag signaling if boundary was checked or not
                bool boundaryIsChecked = false;
                // read amounts and positions
                int read, todo = 0, total = 0, pos = 0, align = 1;
                int start = 0, stop = 0;

                // align
                //  1 = searching for image start
                //  2 = searching for image end

                try {
                    // create request
                    request = (HttpWebRequest)WebRequest.Create(source);
                    // set user agent
                    if(HttpUserAgent != null) {
                        request.UserAgent = HttpUserAgent;
                    }

                    // set proxy
                    if(Proxy != null) {
                        request.Proxy = Proxy;
                    }

                    // set timeout value for the request
                    request.Timeout = RequestTimeout;
                    // set login and password
                    if((Login != null) && (Password != null) && (Login != string.Empty)) {
                        request.Credentials = new NetworkCredential(Login, Password);
                    }
                    // set connection group name
                    if(SeparateConnectionGroup) {
                        request.ConnectionGroupName = GetHashCode().ToString();
                    }
                    // force basic authentication through extra headers if required
                    if(ForceBasicAuthentication) {
                        string authInfo = string.Format("{0}:{1}", Login, Password);
                        authInfo = Convert.ToBase64String(Encoding.Default.GetBytes(authInfo));
                        request.Headers["Authorization"] = "Basic " + authInfo;
                    }
                    // get response
                    response = request.GetResponse();

                    // check content type
                    string contentType = response.ContentType;
                    string[] contentTypeArray = contentType.Split('/');

                    // "application/octet-stream"
                    if((contentTypeArray[0] == "application") && (contentTypeArray[1] == "octet-stream")) {
                        boundaryLen = 0;
                        boundary = new byte[0];
                    }
                    else if((contentTypeArray[0] == "multipart") && (contentType.Contains("mixed"))) {
                        // get boundary
                        int boundaryIndex = contentType.IndexOf("boundary", 0);
                        if(boundaryIndex != -1) {
                            boundaryIndex = contentType.IndexOf("=", boundaryIndex + 8);
                        }

                        if(boundaryIndex == -1) {
                            // try same scenario as with octet-stream, i.e. without boundaries
                            boundaryLen = 0;
                            boundary = new byte[0];
                        }
                        else {
                            boudaryStr = contentType.Substring(boundaryIndex + 1);
                            // remove spaces and double quotes, which may be added by some IP cameras
                            boudaryStr = boudaryStr.Trim(' ', '"');

                            boundary = encoding.GetBytes(boudaryStr);
                            boundaryLen = boundary.Length;
                            boundaryIsChecked = false;
                        }
                    }
                    else {
                        throw new Exception("Invalid content type.");
                    }

                    // get response stream
                    stream = response.GetResponseStream();
                    stream.ReadTimeout = RequestTimeout;

                    // loop
                    while((!stopEvent.WaitOne(0, false)) && (!reloadEvent.WaitOne(0, false))) {
                        // check total read
                        if(total > bufSize - readSize) {
                            total = pos = todo = 0;
                        }

                        // read next portion from stream
                        if((read = stream.Read(buffer, total, readSize)) == 0) {
                            throw new ApplicationException();
                        }

                        total += read;
                        todo += read;

                        // increment received bytes counter
                        bytesReceived += read;

                        // do we need to check boundary ?
                        if((boundaryLen != 0) && (!boundaryIsChecked)) {
                            // some IP cameras, like AirLink, claim that boundary is "myboundary",
                            // when it is really "--myboundary". this needs to be corrected.

                            pos = ByteArrayUtils.Find(buffer, boundary, 0, todo);
                            // continue reading if boudary was not found
                            if(pos == -1) {
                                continue;
                            }

                            for(int i = pos - 1; i >= 0; i--) {
                                byte ch = buffer[i];

                                if((ch == (byte)'\n') || (ch == (byte)'\r')) {
                                    break;
                                }

                                boudaryStr = (char)ch + boudaryStr;
                            }

                            boundary = encoding.GetBytes(boudaryStr);
                            boundaryLen = boundary.Length;
                            boundaryIsChecked = true;
                        }

                        // search for image start
                        if((align == 1) && (todo >= jpegMagicLength)) {
                            start = ByteArrayUtils.Find(buffer, jpegMagic, pos, todo);
                            if(start != -1) {
                                // found JPEG start
                                pos = start + jpegMagicLength;
                                todo = total - pos;
                                align = 2;
                            }
                            else {
                                // delimiter not found
                                todo = jpegMagicLength - 1;
                                pos = total - todo;
                            }
                        }

                        // search for image end ( boundaryLen can be 0, so need extra check )
                        while((align == 2) && (todo != 0) && (todo >= boundaryLen)) {
                            stop = ByteArrayUtils.Find(buffer,
                                (boundaryLen != 0) ? boundary : jpegMagic,
                                pos, todo);

                            if(stop != -1) {
                                pos = stop;
                                todo = total - pos;

                                // increment frames counter
                                framesReceived++;

                                // image at stop
                                if((NewFrame != null) && (!stopEvent.WaitOne(0, false))) {
                                    var frame = new byte[stop - start];
                                    Array.Copy(buffer, start, frame, 0, stop - start);
                                    NewFrame(frame);
                                }

                                // shift array
                                pos = stop + boundaryLen;
                                todo = total - pos;
                                Array.Copy(buffer, pos, buffer, 0, todo);

                                total = todo;
                                pos = 0;
                                align = 1;
                            }
                            else {
                                // boundary not found
                                if(boundaryLen != 0) {
                                    todo = boundaryLen - 1;
                                    pos = total - todo;
                                }
                                else {
                                    todo = 0;
                                    pos = total;
                                }
                            }
                        }
                    }
                }
                catch(ApplicationException) {
                    // do nothing for Application Exception, which we raised on our own
                    // wait for a while before the next try
                    Thread.Sleep(250);
                }
                catch(ThreadAbortException) {
                    break;
                }
                catch(Exception exception) {
                    // provide information to clients
                    VideoSourceError?.Invoke(exception.Message);

                    // wait for a while before the next try
                    Thread.Sleep(250);
                }
                finally {
                    // abort request
                    if(request != null) {
                        request.Abort();
                        request = null;
                    }
                    // close response stream
                    if(stream != null) {
                        stream.Close();
                        stream = null;
                    }
                    // close response
                    if(response != null) {
                        response.Close();
                        response = null;
                    }
                }

                // need to stop ?
                if(stopEvent.WaitOne(0, false)) {
                    break;
                }
            }

            PlayingFinished?.Invoke(ReasonToFinishPlaying.StoppedByUser);
        }

        static class ByteArrayUtils {
            /// <summary>
            /// Check if the array contains needle at specified position.
            /// </summary>
            /// 
            /// <param name="array">Source array to check for needle.</param>
            /// <param name="needle">Needle we are searching for.</param>
            /// <param name="startIndex">Start index in source array.</param>
            /// 
            /// <returns>Returns <b>true</b> if the source array contains the needle at
            /// the specified index. Otherwise it returns <b>false</b>.</returns>
            /// 
            public static bool Compare(byte[] array, byte[] needle, int startIndex) {
                int needleLen = needle.Length;
                // compare
                for(int i = 0, p = startIndex; i < needleLen; i++, p++) {
                    if(array[p] != needle[i]) {
                        return false;
                    }
                }
                return true;
            }

            /// <summary>
            /// Find subarray in the source array.
            /// </summary>
            /// 
            /// <param name="array">Source array to search for needle.</param>
            /// <param name="needle">Needle we are searching for.</param>
            /// <param name="startIndex">Start index in source array.</param>
            /// <param name="sourceLength">Number of bytes in source array, where the needle is searched for.</param>
            /// 
            /// <returns>Returns starting position of the needle if it was found or <b>-1</b> otherwise.</returns>
            /// 
            public static int Find(byte[] array, byte[] needle, int startIndex, int sourceLength) {
                int needleLen = needle.Length;
                int index;

                while(sourceLength >= needleLen) {
                    // find needle's starting element
                    index = Array.IndexOf(array, needle[0], startIndex, sourceLength - needleLen + 1);

                    // if we did not find even the first element of the needls, then the search is failed
                    if(index == -1) {
                        return -1;
                    }

                    int i, p;
                    // check for needle
                    for(i = 0, p = index; i < needleLen; i++, p++) {
                        if(array[p] != needle[i]) {
                            break;
                        }
                    }

                    if(i == needleLen) {
                        // needle was found
                        return index;
                    }

                    // continue to search for needle
                    sourceLength -= (index - startIndex + 1);
                    startIndex = index + 1;
                }
                return -1;
            }
        }
    }

    /// <summary>
    /// Reason of finishing video playing.
    /// </summary>
    /// 
    /// <remarks><para>When video source class fire the <see cref="IVideoSource.PlayingFinished"/> event, they
    /// need to specify reason of finishing video playing. For example, it may be end of stream reached.</para></remarks>
    /// 
    public enum ReasonToFinishPlaying {
        /// <summary>
        /// Video playing has finished because it end was reached.
        /// </summary>
        EndOfStreamReached,
        /// <summary>
        /// Video playing has finished because it was stopped by user.
        /// </summary>
        StoppedByUser,
        /// <summary>
        /// Video playing has finished because the device was lost (unplugged).
        /// </summary>
        DeviceLost,
        /// <summary>
        /// Video playing has finished because of some error happened the video source (camera, stream, file, etc.).
        /// A error reporting event usually is fired to provide error information.
        /// </summary>
        VideoSourceError
    }
}