Changes the hue of every layer of the active document

recolor.js

// enable double clicking
#target photoshop

// make Photoshop the frontmost application
app.bringToFront();

// all the strings that need localized
var strHistoryStepName = localize("$$$/JavaScripts/Recolor/Menu=Recolor" );

var doc = app.activeDocument;

// Create only one history state for the entire script
doc.suspendHistory(strHistoryStepName, "main()");

function main(){
    try {
        var originalRulerUnits = app.preferences.rulerUnits; // remember current setting
        app.preferences.rulerUnits = Units.PIXELS; // set Pixel for checking bounds

        recolorAllLayers(doc);
        
        app.preferences.rulerunits = originalRulerUnits; // restore unit
    } catch(e) {
        return 'cancel'; // quit, returning 'cancel' (dont localize) makes the actions palette not record our script
    }
}

function recolorAllLayers(o){
    try{
        for(var i = o.artLayers.length-1; 0 <= i; i--){ // top level layers
            var layer = o.artLayers[i];
            if(    layer.allLocked
                || layer.pixelsLocked
                || layer.positionLocked
                || layer.transparentPixelsLocked ) {
                continue; // skip locked
            }

            if((LayerKind.NORMAL == layer.kind)){
                if(    (0 != layer.bounds[2])   // width = 0
                    || (0 != layer.bounds[3])){ // height = 0
                    doc.activeLayer = layer;
                    hueValue = (Math.random() * 361 | 0) - 180
                    applyHsl( hueValue, 0, 0 );
                }
            }
        }
        for(var i = o.layerSets.length-1; 0 <= i; i--){ // LayerSet
            var layerSet = o.layerSets[i];
            if(layerSet.allLocked){
                continue; // skip locked
            }
            recolorAllLayers(layerSet); // recursive call
        }
    }catch(e){
        ; // do nothing
    }
}

/**
 *
 * @param {number} hue
 * @param {number} saturation
 * @param {number} lightness
 */
 // From http://graphicdesign.stackexchange.com/questions/25619/is-there-a-way-to-automate-changing-the-hue-of-many-layers-with-a-different-valu
function applyHsl( hue, saturation, lightness ) {
    var HUE_SAT_ADJUSTMENT_V2_SYM  = 'Hst2';
    var COLORIZE_SYM               = 'Clrz';
    var ADJUSTMENT_SYM             = 'Adjs';
    var HUE_SYM                    = 'H   ';
    var SATURATION_SYM             = 'Strt';
    var LIGHTNESS_SYM              = 'Lght';
    var HUE_SATURATION_SYM         = 'HStr';

    var colorizeDescriptor = new ActionDescriptor();
    var hueSatDescriptor = new ActionDescriptor();
    var hueSatAdjustmentList = new ActionList();

    colorizeDescriptor.putBoolean( charIDToTypeID( COLORIZE_SYM ), false );

    hueSatDescriptor.putInteger( charIDToTypeID( HUE_SYM ), hue );
    hueSatDescriptor.putInteger( charIDToTypeID( SATURATION_SYM ), saturation );
    hueSatDescriptor.putInteger( charIDToTypeID( LIGHTNESS_SYM ), lightness );

    hueSatAdjustmentList.putObject( charIDToTypeID( HUE_SAT_ADJUSTMENT_V2_SYM ), hueSatDescriptor );
    colorizeDescriptor.putList( charIDToTypeID( ADJUSTMENT_SYM ), hueSatAdjustmentList );

    executeAction(
        charIDToTypeID( HUE_SATURATION_SYM ),
        colorizeDescriptor,
        DialogModes.NO
    );
}