Install vanilla UEFI Debian for ESPRESSOBin

deb.sh

# You will need a real Debian machine to perform cross debootstrap
# Debian on WSL does not work

# Enter root mode
sudo -i

# Install dependency
apt update && apt install -y btrfs-progs dosfstools qemu-user-static debootstrap

# Set up partition table and file systems
dd if=/dev/zero of=/dev/mmcblk0 bs=1M count=8
(echo g; echo n; echo ''; echo ''; echo '+512M'; echo t; echo 1; echo n; echo ''; echo ''; echo ''; echo w) | fdisk /dev/mmcblk0
mkfs.fat -F32 /dev/mmcblk0p1
mkfs.btrfs -f /dev/mmcblk0p2

# Create subvolumes
mount -o compress=zstd /dev/mmcblk0p2 /mnt
btrfs subvolume create /mnt/@
btrfs subvolume create /mnt/@home
btrfs subvolume create /mnt/@root
umount /mnt

# Mount partitions
mount -o compress=zstd,subvol=@ /dev/mmcblk0p2 /mnt
mkdir -p /mnt/home
mount -o compress=zstd,subvol=@home /dev/mmcblk0p2 /mnt/home
mkdir -p /mnt/root
mount -o compress=zstd,subvol=@root /dev/mmcblk0p2 /mnt/root
mkdir -p /mnt/boot/efi
mount /dev/mmcblk0p1 /mnt/boot/efi

# First stage debootstrap
# Using Tsinghua University's mirror, which can be change to any valid Debian mirrors or leave as empty
debootstrap --arch=arm64 --foreign --components=main,non-free,contrib --include=locales,makedev bullseye /mnt https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/debian

# Set up fstab
echo "UUID=$(blkid -s UUID -o value /dev/mmcblk0p2) / btrfs defaults,subvol=@,compress=zstd 0 0" >> /mnt/etc/fstab
echo "UUID=$(blkid -s UUID -o value /dev/mmcblk0p2) /home btrfs defaults,subvol=@home,compress=zstd 0 0" >> /mnt/etc/fstab
echo "UUID=$(blkid -s UUID -o value /dev/mmcblk0p2) /root btrfs defaults,subvol=@root,compress=zstd 0 0" >> /mnt/etc/fstab
echo "UUID=$(blkid -s UUID -o value /dev/mmcblk0p1) /boot/efi vfat defaults 1 2" >> /mnt/etc/fstab
echo "proc /proc proc defaults 0 0" >> /mnt/etc/fstab

# Enter chroot
cp /usr/bin/qemu-aarch64-static /mnt/usr/bin/
LANG=C.UTF-8 chroot /mnt /usr/bin/qemu-aarch64-static /bin/bash

# Second stage debootstrap
/debootstrap/debootstrap --second-stage

# Create device files
mount none /proc -t proc
cd /dev
MAKEDEV
MAKEDEV update

# Configure locale
dpkg-reconfigure locales

# Configure timezone
dpkg-reconfigure tzdata

# Change root password
passwd

# Create new user for SSH login
useradd -m -s /bin/bash user
passwd user
usermod -a -G sudo user

# Add additional repos
nano /etc/apt/sources.list

# Add kernel hook for copying dtbs, which is required for U-Boot to boot grub
mkdir -p /boot/efi/dtb

cat <<'EOF' >> /etc/kernel/postinst.d/copy-dtb
#!/bin/sh
set -e
version="$1"
echo Copying current dtb files to /boot/efi/dtb....
cp -r /usr/lib/linux-image-${version}/* /boot/efi/dtb/
EOF

chmod +x /etc/kernel/postinst.d/copy-dtb

# Configure network
cat <<'EOF' >> /etc/network/interfaces
auto lo
iface lo inet loopback

auto eth0
iface eth0 inet manual

auto wan
iface wan inet dhcp
pre-up ip link set eth0 up
EOF

# Install additional packages
# At minimum linux-image-arm64 and grub-efi are required
apt update && apt install -y openssh-server sudo linux-image-arm64 grub-efi haveged zram-tools tmux bash-completion
printf "SIZE=512\nPRIORITY=100\nALGO=zstd\n" >> /etc/default/zramswap
systemctl enable ssh haveged zramswap

# Exit and remount devices for grub
exit
for i in /dev /dev/pts /proc /sys /run; do mount -B $i /mnt$i; done
LANG=en_US.UTF-8 chroot /mnt /usr/bin/qemu-aarch64-static /bin/bash

# Install grub
grub-install --target=arm64-efi --efi-directory=/boot/efi --removable
sed -i "s/GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT=\"quiet\"/GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT=\"console=ttyMV0,115200 earlycon=ar3700_uart,0xd0012000 loglevel=1 usb-storage.quirks=0x2537:0x1066:u,0x2537:0x1068:u mtdparts=spi0.0:1536k(uboot),64k(uboot-environment),-(reserved)\"/" /etc/default/grub
GRUB_DISABLE_OS_PROBER=true update-grub

# Clean up
apt-get clean

# Exit chroot
exit
rm /mnt/usr/bin/qemu-aarch64-static
umount /mnt/boot/efi
umount /mnt
sync

# After the installation, you need to upgrade your U-Boot to the latest mainline,
# which can be extracted from Armbian package linux-u-boot-espressobin-edge.
# Once you flash the U-Boot, you need to backup your mac address,
# and then run `env default -f -a` to clear preexisting congfiguration.
# If you do not backup your mac address you will get a random new one on every boot.
# See Final steps in https://marcin.juszkiewicz.com.pl/2021/02/15/ebbr-on-espressobin/
# Then you will need to add an entry to boot grubaa64.efi as a workaround,
# since the default bootaa64.efi cannot boot the device.
# Something like (check your existing bootcmd first with `env print bootcmd):
#    env set grub_bootcmd "load mmc 0:1 ${fdt_addr_r} /dtb/marvell/armada-3720-espressobin.dtb;load mmc 0:1 ${kernel_addr_r} /efi/boot/grubaa64.efi;bootefi ${kernel_addr_r} ${fdt_addr_r};"
#    env set bootcmd "un grub_bootcmd;run distro_bootcmd"
#    env save
# For more info on U-Boot please visit: https://www.armbian.com/espressobin/

# In some cases your U-Boot will enter a reset loop, with the final output like this:
#   BootOrder not defined
#   EFI boot manager: Cannot load any image
#   856064 bytes read in 44 ms (18.6 MiB/s)
#   Booting /efi\boot\bootaa64.efi
#   Reset System
#   resetting ...
# In this case you have to boot your board manually:
# load mmc 0:1 ${kernel_addr_r} /EFI/BOOT/grubaa64.efi
# bootefi ${kernel_addr_r}