ActivityTest.java

package com.example.appli;

import android.app.Activity;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.test.ActivityInstrumentationTestCase2;

import com.example.appli.TestUtils;

public class MainActivityTest extends ActivityInstrumentationTestCase2<TestActivity> {
    private static final String TAG = MainActivityTest.class.getSimpleName();
    private Activity mActivity;

    public MainActivityTest() {
        super(TestActivity.class);
    }

    @Override
    public void setUp() throws Exception {
        super.setUp();
        mActivity = getActivity();
        TestUtils.toggleAnimationEnable(mActivity, TAG, false);
    }

    @Override
    public TestActivity getActivity() {
        Intent intent = new Intent();
        intent.putExtra("key", "value");
        setActivityIntent(intent);
        return super.getActivity();
    }

    @Override
    protected void tearDown() throws Exception {
        TestUtils.toggleAnimationEnable(mActivity, TAG, true);
        super.tearDown();
    }

    public void testStory() throws Exception {
        // TODO ここにテストを書く
    }
}

after

onView(withId(R.id.button)).check(matches(not(isDisplayed())));

AndroidManifest.xml

<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.SET_ANIMATION_SCALE" />
<instrumentation
    android:name="com.google.android.apps.common.testing.testrunner.GoogleInstrumentationTestRunner"
    android:targetPackage="com.example.appli" />

before

Espresso.onView(ViewMatchers.withId(R.id.button)).check(ViewAssertions.matches(Matchers.not(ViewMatchers.isDisplayed())));

e.g.

// R.id.button が表示されていないことをチェックします．
// notメソッドは org.hamcrest.Matchers.not
Espresso.onView(ViewMatchers.withId(R.id.button)).check(ViewAssertions.matches(Matchers.not(ViewMatchers.isDisplayed())));

EspressoUtils.java

package com.example.appli.espresso;

import static org.hamcrest.Matchers.is;

import org.hamcrest.Description;
import org.hamcrest.Matcher;
import org.hamcrest.Matchers;

import android.view.View;
import android.widget.ProgressBar;
import android.widget.TextView;

import com.google.android.apps.common.testing.ui.espresso.matcher.BoundedMatcher;

public final class EspressoUtils {

    /**
     * TextViewの文字列を前方一致で検査
     * 
     * @param expectString
     * @return
     */
    public static Matcher<View> startsWith(final String expectString) {
        final Matcher<String> textMatcher = is(expectString);
        return new BoundedMatcher<View, TextView>(TextView.class) {

            @Override
            protected boolean matchesSafely(TextView textView) {
                CharSequence text = textView.getText();
                if (text == null) {
                    return text == expectString;
                }
                return expectString.startsWith(text.toString());
            }

            @Override
            public void describeTo(Description description) {
                description.appendText("start text : ");
                textMatcher.describeTo(description);
            }

        };
    }

    /**
     * TextViewの文字列を後方一致で検査
     * 
     * @param expectString
     * @return
     */
    public static Matcher<View> endsWith(final String expectString) {
        final Matcher<String> textMatcher = is(expectString);
        return new BoundedMatcher<View, TextView>(TextView.class) {

            @Override
            protected boolean matchesSafely(TextView textView) {
                CharSequence text = textView.getText();
                if (text == null) {
                    return text == expectString;
                }
                return expectString.endsWith(text.toString());
            }

            @Override
            public void describeTo(Description description) {
                description.appendText("end text : ");
                textMatcher.describeTo(description);
            }

        };
    }

    /**
     * ProgressBarのプログレスを前方一致で検査
     * 
     * @param expectString
     * @return
     */
    public static Matcher<View> withProgress(final Integer expectProgress) {
        final Matcher<Integer> progressMatcher = is(expectProgress);
        return new BoundedMatcher<View, ProgressBar>(ProgressBar.class) {

            @Override
            protected boolean matchesSafely(ProgressBar progressBar) {
                return progressMatcher.matches(progressBar.getProgress());
            }

            @Override
            public void describeTo(Description description) {
                description.appendText("with progress : ");
                progressMatcher.describeTo(description);
            }
        };
    }

    private EspressoUtils() {
    }
}

MainActivity.java

package com.example.test;

import android.app.Activity;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.View.OnClickListener;
import android.view.ViewGroup.LayoutParams;
import android.widget.Button;
import android.widget.EditText;
import android.widget.LinearLayout;

public class MainActivity extends Activity {

    private static final int WC = LayoutParams.WRAP_CONTENT;
    private static final int MP = LayoutParams.MATCH_PARENT;

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);

        final LinearLayout rootLayout = new LinearLayout(this);
        rootLayout.setOrientation(LinearLayout.VERTICAL);
        rootLayout.setLayoutParams(new LayoutParams(MP, MP));
        setContentView(rootLayout);

        // EditText
        final EditText editText = new EditText(this);
        editText.setId(R.id.editText);
        editText.setLayoutParams(new LayoutParams(MP, WC));
        editText.setHint("'test'で始まる文字列か，'123'で終わる文字列か，'abc'を入力してください");
        rootLayout.addView(editText);

        // Button
        final Button button = new Button(this);
        button.setId(R.id.button);
        button.setLayoutParams(new LayoutParams(WC, WC));
        button.setText("OK");
        rootLayout.addView(button);

        button.setOnClickListener(new OnClickListener() {
            @Override
            public void onClick(View v) {
                String input = editText.getText().toString();
                Intent intent = new Intent();
                intent.putExtra("input", input);
                intent.setClassName(getApplicationContext(), "com.example.test.SubActivity");
                startActivity(intent);
            }
        });
    }
}

MainActivityTest.java

package com.example.test;

import static com.google.android.apps.common.testing.ui.espresso.Espresso.onView;
import static com.google.android.apps.common.testing.ui.espresso.action.ViewActions.click;
import static com.google.android.apps.common.testing.ui.espresso.action.ViewActions.typeText;
import static com.google.android.apps.common.testing.ui.espresso.assertion.ViewAssertions.matches;
import static com.google.android.apps.common.testing.ui.espresso.matcher.ViewMatchers.withId;
import android.app.Activity;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.test.ActivityInstrumentationTestCase2;

import com.google.android.apps.common.testing.ui.espresso.matcher.ViewMatchers;
import com.example.test.TestUtils;

public class MainActivityTest extends ActivityInstrumentationTestCase2<MainActivity> {
    private static final String TAG = MainActivityTest.class.getSimpleName();
    private Activity mActivity;

    public MainActivityTest() {
        super(MainActivity.class);
    }

    @Override
    public void setUp() throws Exception {
        super.setUp();
        mActivity = getActivity();
        TestUtils.toggleAnimationEnable(mActivity, TAG, false);
    }

    @Override
    protected void tearDown() throws Exception {
        TestUtils.toggleAnimationEnable(mActivity, TAG, true);
        super.tearDown();
    }

    public void testStory() throws Exception {
        onView(withId(R.id.editText)).perform(typeText("123456"));
        onView(withId(R.id.button)).perform(click());
        onView(withId(R.id.text)).check(matches(ViewMatchers.withText("123456")));
    }
}

SubActivity.java

package com.example.test;

import android.app.Activity;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.view.ViewGroup.LayoutParams;
import android.widget.LinearLayout;
import android.widget.TextView;

public class SubActivity extends Activity {

    private static final int WC = LayoutParams.WRAP_CONTENT;
    private static final int MP = LayoutParams.MATCH_PARENT;

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);

        final LinearLayout rootLayout = new LinearLayout(this);
        rootLayout.setOrientation(LinearLayout.VERTICAL);
        rootLayout.setLayoutParams(new LayoutParams(MP, MP));
        setContentView(rootLayout);

        Bundle bundle = getIntent().getExtras();
        String text = bundle.getString("input");

        // TextView
        final TextView textView = new TextView(this);
        textView.setId(R.id.text);
        textView.setLayoutParams(new LayoutParams(WC, WC));
        textView.setText(text);
        rootLayout.addView(textView);

    }
}

TestUtils.java

package com.example.appli;

import java.lang.reflect.InvocationTargetException;
import java.lang.reflect.Method;

import android.content.Context;
import android.content.pm.PackageManager;
import android.os.IBinder;
import android.util.Log;

public final class TestUtils {

    private static final int RESULT_ENABLED = 0;
    private static final int RESULT_DISABLED = 1;
    private static final int RESULT_NG = -1;

    /**
     * EspressoでUIテストを実行する場合は setUp メソッドで無効にし，tearDownで有効にしてください
     * 
     * @param context
     * @param TAG
     * @param isEnable
     */
    public static void toggleAnimationEnable(Context context, String TAG, boolean isEnable) {
        int permStatus = context
                .checkCallingOrSelfPermission("android.permission.SET_ANIMATION_SCALE");
        if (permStatus == PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) {
            int result;
            if ((result = reflectivelyToggleAnimation(TAG, isEnable)) != RESULT_NG) {
                if (result == RESULT_ENABLED) {
                    Log.i(TAG, "All animations enabled.");
                } else {
                    Log.i(TAG, "All animations disabled.");
                }
            } else {
                Log.i(TAG, "Could not toggle animations.");
            }
        } else {
            Log.i(TAG, "Cannot disable animations due to lack of permission.");
        }
    }

    private static int reflectivelyToggleAnimation(String TAG, boolean isEnable) {
        try {
            Class<?> windowManagerStubClazz = Class.forName("android.view.IWindowManager$Stub");
            Method asInterface = windowManagerStubClazz.getDeclaredMethod("asInterface",
                    IBinder.class);
            Class<?> serviceManagerClazz = Class.forName("android.os.ServiceManager");
            Method getService = serviceManagerClazz.getDeclaredMethod("getService", String.class);
            Class<?> windowManagerClazz = Class.forName("android.view.IWindowManager");
            Method setAnimationScales = windowManagerClazz.getDeclaredMethod("setAnimationScales",
                    float[].class);
            Method getAnimationScales = windowManagerClazz.getDeclaredMethod("getAnimationScales");

            IBinder windowManagerBinder = (IBinder) getService.invoke(null, "window");
            Object windowManagerObj = asInterface.invoke(null, windowManagerBinder);
            float[] currentScales = (float[]) getAnimationScales.invoke(windowManagerObj);
            for (int i = 0; i < currentScales.length; i++) {
                if (isEnable) {
                    currentScales[i] = 1.0f;
                } else {
                    currentScales[i] = 0.0f;
                }
            }
            setAnimationScales.invoke(windowManagerObj, currentScales);

            return isEnable ? RESULT_ENABLED : RESULT_DISABLED;
        } catch (ClassNotFoundException cnfe) {
            Log.w(TAG, "Cannot disable animations reflectively.", cnfe);
        } catch (NoSuchMethodException mnfe) {
            Log.w(TAG, "Cannot disable animations reflectively.", mnfe);
        } catch (SecurityException se) {
            Log.w(TAG, "Cannot disable animations reflectively.", se);
        } catch (InvocationTargetException ite) {
            Log.w(TAG, "Cannot disable animations reflectively.", ite);
        } catch (IllegalAccessException iae) {
            Log.w(TAG, "Cannot disable animations reflectively.", iae);
        } catch (RuntimeException re) {
            Log.w(TAG, "Cannot disable animations reflectively.", re);
        }
        return RESULT_NG;
    }

    private TestUtils() {
        // インスタンス化の禁止
    }

}

view_ids.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<resources>
    <item name="editText" type="id"/>
    <item name="button" type="id"/>
    <item name="text" type="id"/>
</resources>