All those damned wp-config constants you can never remember.

wp-config.php

<?php 
// PHP memory limit for this site
define( 'WP_MEMORY_LIMIT', '128M' );
define( 'WP_MAX_MEMORY_LIMIT', '256M' ); // Increase admin-side memory limit.

// Database
define( 'WP_ALLOW_REPAIR', true ); // Allow WordPress to automatically repair your database.
define( 'DO_NOT_UPGRADE_GLOBAL_TABLES', true ); // Don't make database upgrades on global tables (like users)

// Explicitely setting url
define( 'WP_HOME', 'http://domain.com' );
define( 'WP_SITEURL', 'http://domain.com' );

// Set url to... whatever.
define( 'WP_HOME', 'http://' . $_SERVER['HTTP_HOST'] );
define( 'WP_SITEURL', 'http://' . $_SERVER['HTTP_HOST'] );

// Set default theme
define( 'WP_DEFAULT_THEME', 'twentytwentyone' );

// Temporary for causing a site to relocate. Remove after login.
define( 'RELOCATE', true );

// Allow WordPress to update files
define( 'FS_METHOD', 'direct' );
define( 'FS_CHMOD_DIR', ( 0755 & ~ umask() ) ); // change permissions of directories
define( 'FS_CHMOD_FILE', ( 0644 & ~ umask() ) ); // change permissions of files

// Set the directory files should be downloaded to before they're moved.
// This is usually set in the PHP conf
define( 'WP_TEMP_DIR', '/Applications/MAMP/tmp/php/' ); // this one is for default MAMP setup

// Content, plugin, and template paths
define( 'WP_CONTENT_URL', get_option( 'siteurl' ) . '/wp-content' ); // Full URL to wp-content
define( 'WP_CONTENT_DIR', ABSPATH . 'wp-content' ); // No trailing slash, full paths only to wp-content
define( 'WP_PLUGIN_DIR', WP_CONTENT_DIR . '/plugins' ); // Full path, no trailing slash.
define( 'WP_PLUGIN_URL', WP_CONTENT_URL . '/plugins' ); // Full URL, no trailing slash.
define( 'PLUGINDIR', 'wp-content/plugins' ); // Relative to ABSPATH. For back compat.
define( 'WPMU_PLUGIN_DIR', WP_CONTENT_DIR . '/mu-plugins' ); // Full path, no trailing slash.
define( 'WPMU_PLUGIN_URL', WP_CONTENT_URL . '/mu-plugins' ); // Full URL, no trailing slash.
define( 'MUPLUGINDIR', 'wp-content/mu-plugins' ); // Relative to ABSPATH. For back compat.
define( 'TEMPLATEPATH', get_template_directory() );
define( 'STYLESHEETPATH', get_stylesheet_directory() );

// Set post revisions to something feasible
define( 'WP_POST_REVISIONS', 15 );

// Autosave interval of post revisions in seconds.
define( 'AUTOSAVE_INTERVAL', 160 ); // Seconds

// Set cookie domain for login cookies
// Very helpful if you're getting cookie errors during login
define( 'COOKIE_DOMAIN', '.domain.com' ); // Domain and all subdomains
define( 'COOKIE_DOMAIN', 'domain.com' ); // only root domain
define( 'COOKIE_DOMAIN', 'www.domain.com' ); // only subdomain

// More cookie constants
define( 'COOKIEPATH',  $_SERVER['HTTP_HOST'] . '/' ); // You should set this explicitely. 
define( 'SITECOOKIEPATH', $_SERVER['HTTP_HOST'] . '/' ); // You should set this explicitely. 
define( 'ADMIN_COOKIE_PATH', SITECOOKIEPATH . 'wp-admin' );
define( 'PLUGINS_COOKIE_PATH', preg_replace( '|https?://[^/]+|i', '', WP_PLUGIN_URL ) );

// Cookie names.
define( 'USER_COOKIE', 'wordpressuser_' . COOKIEHASH );
define( 'PASS_COOKIE', 'wordpresspass_' . COOKIEHASH );
define( 'AUTH_COOKIE', 'wordpress_' . COOKIEHASH );
define( 'SECURE_AUTH_COOKIE', 'wordpress_sec_' . COOKIEHASH );
define( 'LOGGED_IN_COOKIE', 'wordpress_logged_in_' . COOKIEHASH );
define( 'RECOVERY_MODE_COOKIE', 'wordpress_rec_' . COOKIEHASH );

// WordPress debug on and off
define( 'WP_DEBUG', true );
define( 'WP_DEBUG_LOG', true );
define( 'WP_DEBUG_DISPLAY', true );
define( 'WP_LOCAL_DEV', true ); // Magic switch for local dev

// Script and style debug
define( 'CONCATENATE_SCRIPTS', false ); // Causes WordPress scripts to be included separately
define( 'SCRIPT_DEBUG', true ); // Uses unminified scripts
define( 'SAVEQUERIES', true ); // Requires analyzing the global $wpdb object.
define( 'COMPRESS_SCRIPTS', true ); 
define( 'COMPRESS_CSS', true );
define( 'ENFORCE_GZIP', true );

// Disable WP cron in favor of server cron
define( 'DISABLE_WP_CRON', true );
define( 'ALTERNATE_WP_CRON', true ); // alternate method of firing cron in the background when initiated by end users.
define( 'WP_CRON_LOCK_TIMEOUT', MINUTE_IN_SECONDS ); // limit cron runs to a certain interval.

// SSL
define( 'FORCE_SSL_LOGIN', true ); // Only secrue the registration/login process
define( 'FORCE_SSL_ADMIN', true ); // Force SSL for the whole WordPress admin

// The "timthumb" fix
define( 'WP_HTTP_BLOCK_EXTERNAL', true );
define( 'WP_ACCESSIBLE_HOSTS', 'api.wordpress.org,*.github.com' ); // Only allow particular hosts in

// Modifying files
define( 'DISALLOW_FILE_EDIT', true ); // Kill the WordPress file editor
define( 'DISALLOW_FILE_MODS', true ); // Don't allow users to update core, plugins, or themes
define( 'IMAGE_EDIT_OVERWRITE', true ); // Allow editing images to replace the originals

// Changing WordPress updates.
define( 'AUTOMATIC_UPDATER_DISABLED', true ); // Disable all WordPress auto-updates
define( 'WP_AUTO_UPDATE_CORE', false ); // Only disable core updates
define( 'WP_AUTO_UPDATE_CORE', 'minor' ); // Only enable minor core updates

// Change languages
define( 'WPLANG', 'de_DE' );
define( 'WP_LANG_DIR', dirname(__FILE__) . 'wordpress/languages' );

// Trash
define( 'EMPTY_TRASH_DAYS', 30 ); // Number of days to wait before emptying the trash
define( 'MEDIA_TRASH', false ); // Whether to allow media items to use the trash functionality.

// Dev tools
define( 'SHORTINIT', false ); // Disable most of WordPress. Useful for fast responses for custom integrations.
// https://wordpress.stackexchange.com/questions/12919/what-is-the-constant-wp-use-themes-for
define( 'WP_USE_THEMES', true ); // Override if you love WordPress, but hate themes. 

// Recovery mode and fatal error handling.
define( 'WP_SANDBOX_SCRAPING', true ); // Turn off WSOD Protection (and don't send email notification)
define( 'WP_START_TIMESTAMP', microtime( true ) ); // Modify the WordPress start time. 
define( 'RECOVERY_MODE_EMAIL', '[email protected]' ); // Set a recovery mode email.

What about define( 'UPLOADS', 'uploads' )?

define( 'WP_CONTENT_URL', get_option( 'siteurl' ) . '/wp-content' );
define( 'TEMPLATEPATH', get_template_directory() );
define( 'STYLESHEETPATH', get_stylesheet_directory() );

These will cause a fatal error - get_option(), get_template_directory() and get_stylesheet_directory() are not available in wp-config.php.

Hi, my config php

<?php

/* Paths */
define( 'ROOT', preg_replace( '|/+|','/', str_replace( '\\', '/', dirname( dirname(__FILE__) ) ) ) );
define( 'CONFIG_ROOT', ROOT . '/config' );
define( 'WEB_ROOT', ROOT . '/web' );

foreach( array( 'local', 'development', 'staging', 'production' ) as $environment ) {
	if ( file_exists( CONFIG_ROOT . '/' . $environment . '-config.php' ) ) {
		define( 'WP_ENVIRONMENT_TYPE', $environment );
		require CONFIG_ROOT . '/' . $environment . '-config.php';
	}
}

define( 'WP_DEVELOPMENT_MODE' , '' ); //'core','plugin', 'theme', 'all', ''

if ( WP_ENVIRONMENT_TYPE === 'local' ) {
	define( 'DISALLOW_INDEXING', true );
	define( 'WP_POST_REVISIONS', false );
}

/* Default */
define( 'WPLANG', 'cs_CZ' );
define( 'WP_DEFAULT_THEME', 'my-theme' );
define( 'IS_SSL', true );
define( 'RECOVERY_MODE_EMAIL', '[email protected]' );
define( 'WP_DISABLE_ADMIN_EMAIL_VERIFY_SCREEN', false );

/* Database */
$table_prefix = 'wpnsqtsv_';
define( 'WP_ALLOW_REPAIR', true );
//define( 'CUSTOM_USER_TABLE', $table_prefix . ' my_users' );
//define( 'CUSTOM_USER_META_TABLE', $table_prefix . ' my_usermeta' );

/* Security */
/* Security Keys => https://api.wordpress.org/secret-key/1.1/salt/ */
define('AUTH_KEY',         'qM?.&H^=Dx#Wp 9wz bB{}%Pp6yHCYbr30Q+hE~x9%-Ijt590?,/S@SKr{(X8)y7');
define('SECURE_AUTH_KEY',  '+?wY]-@!|f~OVjME0*/^zAe^rCGvm{[tYXexoiPP$4JI)V=j$U!DD11:qi?{e#03');
define('LOGGED_IN_KEY',    '+x~D6,vW.O;@$] e|ef8Os%kFuu&=?E{V-xUWod>nn}AG|.{p_D~<uUq1Q(y>w.)');
define('NONCE_KEY',        'e]!ggI+.QeJ*hb@znTx[;M//(t~F?{f_Pwvz$VNTY/?8o.(,|yni()33o=N1ru8g');
define('AUTH_SALT',        '}/~R+lKPM(j&6vEDQ+d-X[)uOVEyB8Q<Sy|TCY5++=5-gIl4y+2qk]:G[[I-f8h;');
define('SECURE_AUTH_SALT', 'F`/XoYWBSJ>H*}H9z/j*7-+K*~pAkv9=T-qXx,C._h-haOA/>53|2b@;(^>HnqzI');
define('LOGGED_IN_SALT',   ']Xd(s7T47g]8cL,LOx-C:T(G+JXoGywzDB0c]ntO! P}v(<$ C)`(Z3 =vK8jY02');
define('NONCE_SALT',       '#$gY>]^~O6(/g5Sh&,B)3YofnLv:HHWm+F ERDU-P>l9FjlFBFUy+$xhkd7`wyt=');

/* URL / Path */
define( 'WP_SITEURL',      ( IS_SSL ? 'https://' : 'http://' ) . $_SERVER['HTTP_HOST'] . '/web/wp' );
define( 'WP_HOME',         ( IS_SSL ? 'https://' : 'http://' ) . $_SERVER['HTTP_HOST'] );
define( 'WP_CONTENT_DIR',  WEB_ROOT . '/app' );
define( 'WP_CONTENT_URL',  ( IS_SSL ? 'https://' : 'http://' ) . $_SERVER['HTTP_HOST'] . '/content' );
define( 'WP_LANG_DIR',     WEB_ROOT . '/app/languages' );
define( 'WP_PLUGIN_DIR',   WEB_ROOT . '/app/plugins' );
define( 'WP_PLUGIN_URL',   ( IS_SSL ? 'https://' : 'http://' ) . $_SERVER['HTTP_HOST'] . '/modules' );
define( 'WPMU_PLUGIN_DIR', WEB_ROOT . '/app/mu-plugins' );
define( 'WPMU_PLUGIN_URL', ( IS_SSL ? 'https://' : 'http://' ) . $_SERVER['HTTP_HOST'] . '/extra-modules' );
//define( 'UPLOADS', 'uploads' );
//define( 'WP_TEMP_DIR', '/tmp/php/' );

/* SSL */
define( 'FORCE_SSL_LOGIN', IS_SSL );
define( 'FORCE_SSL_ADMIN', IS_SSL );

/* Cookies */
define( 'SITECOOKIEPATH',       $_SERVER['HTTP_HOST'] . '/' ); // You should set this explicitely.
define( 'COOKIEPATH',           $_SERVER['HTTP_HOST'] . '/' ); // You should set this explicitely.
define( 'ADMIN_COOKIE_PATH',    SITECOOKIEPATH . '/admin' );
define( 'PLUGINS_COOKIE_PATH',  preg_replace( '|https?://[^/]+|i', '', WP_PLUGIN_URL ) );
define( 'TEST_COOKIE',          WP_DEFAULT_THEME . '_test' );
define( 'COOKIEHASH',           'mwUjIPydjimdxX7lFxbOzuhvI7ZwiirbS2l6tY3bhA5PvN25KGE1RX5CVCv9Uc6Y' );
define( 'LOGGED_IN_COOKIE',     WP_DEFAULT_THEME . '_logged_in_' . COOKIEHASH );
define( 'SECURE_AUTH_COOKIE',   WP_DEFAULT_THEME . '_sec_' . COOKIEHASH );
define( 'AUTH_COOKIE',          WP_DEFAULT_THEME . '_' . COOKIEHASH );
define( 'PASS_COOKIE',          WP_DEFAULT_THEME . 'pass_' . COOKIEHASH );
define( 'USER_COOKIE',          WP_DEFAULT_THEME . 'user_' . COOKIEHASH );
define( 'RECOVERY_MODE_COOKIE', WP_DEFAULT_THEME . '_rec_' . COOKIEHASH );

//define( 'COOKIE_DOMAIN', 'www.something.com' );
define( 'PLL_COOKIE', 'lang' );

/* Content */
define( 'AUTOSAVE_INTERVAL', 30 ); // seconds

if ( ! defined( 'WP_POST_REVISIONS' ) )
	define( 'WP_POST_REVISIONS', 5 );

define( 'MEDIA_TRASH', false );
define( 'EMPTY_TRASH_DAYS', 7 );
define( 'WP_MAIL_INTERVAL', 5 * MINUTE_IN_SECONDS );

/* SMTP */
define( 'SMTP_USER', '' ); // Username to use for SMTP authentication
define( 'SMTP_PASS', '' ); // Password to use for SMTP authentication
define( 'SMTP_HOST', '' ); // The hostname of the mail server
define( 'SMTP_FROM', '' ); // SMTP From email address
define( 'SMTP_NAME', '' ); // SMTP From name
define( 'SMTP_PORT', '' ); // SMTP port number - likely to be 25, 465 or 587
define( 'SMTP_SECURE', false ); // Encryption system to use - ssl, tls or false
define( 'SMTP_AUTH', false ); // Use SMTP authentication (true|false)
define( 'SMTP_DEBUG', 0 ); // for debugging purposes only set to 1, 2, 3

/* Memory */
define( 'WP_MEMORY_LIMIT', '256M' );
define( 'WP_MAX_MEMORY_LIMIT', '256M' );

/* Updating */
define( 'AUTOMATIC_UPDATER_DISABLED', false );
define( 'WP_AUTO_UPDATE_CORE', 'minor' );
define( 'CORE_UPGRADE_SKIP_NEW_BUNDLED', true );
define( 'WP_AUTO_UPDATE_PLUGIN', true );
define( 'WP_AUTO_UPDATE_TRANSLATION', true );

if ( ! defined( 'WP_INSTALLING' ) )
	define( 'DO_NOT_UPGRADE_GLOBAL_TABLES', false );

/* File edition */
define( 'DISALLOW_FILE_MODS', false );
define( 'DISALLOW_FILE_EDIT', true );
define( 'IMAGE_EDIT_OVERWRITE', true );

/* Performance */
define( 'WP_CACHE', true );
define( 'WP_CACHE_KEY_SALT', 'qkfvmbjt33yt458jwj:' );
define( 'COMPRESS_CSS', true );
define( 'COMPRESS_SCRIPTS', true );
define( 'CONCATENATE_SCRIPTS', true );
define( 'ENFORCE_GZIP', true );

/* Cron */
define( 'DISABLE_WP_CRON', false );
define( 'ALTERNATE_WP_CRON', false );
define( 'WP_CRON_LOCK_TIMEOUT', 60 );

/* FTP Access */
/*
define( 'FS_METHOD', 'ftpext' );
define( 'FTP_BASE', ABSPATH );
define( 'FTP_CONTENT_DIR', WP_CONTENT_DIR );
define( 'FTP_PLUGIN_DIR ', WP_PLUGIN_DIR );
define( 'FTP_LANG_DIR', WP_LANG_DIR );
define( 'FTP_PUBKEY', ABSPATH . '/.ssh/id_rsa.pub' );
define( 'FTP_PRIKEY', ABSPATH . '/.ssh/id_rsa' );
define( 'FTP_USER', 'username' );
define( 'FTP_PASS', 'password' );
define( 'FTP_HOST', 'ftp.example.org' );
define( 'FTP_SSL', false );

define( 'FS_TIMEOUT', 30 );
define( 'FS_CONNECT_TIMEOUT', 30 );
*/

/* SFTP Access */
/*
define( 'FS_METHOD', 'ssh2' );
define( 'FTP_BASE', ABSPATH );
define( 'FTP_USER', 'username' );
define( 'FTP_PASS', 'password' );
define( 'FTP_HOST', 'ftp.example.org' );
define( 'FTP_PUBKEY', ABSPATH . '/.ssh/id_rsa.pub' );
define( 'FTP_PRIKEY', ABSPATH . '/.ssh/id_rsa' );
define( 'FTP_SSL', true );

define( 'FS_TIMEOUT', 30 );
define( 'FS_CONNECT_TIMEOUT', 30 );
*/

/* Plugins Must-Use */

/* Filtering */
define( 'DISALLOW_UNFILTERED_HTML', false );
define( 'ALLOW_UNFILTERED_UPLOADS', false );

/* Feed reader */
define( 'MAGPIE_CACHE_ON', true );
define( 'MAGPIE_CACHE_DIR', 'cache' );
define( 'MAGPIE_CACHE_AGE', 3600 );
define( 'MAGPIE_CACHE_FRESH_ONLY', false );
define( 'MAGPIE_DEBUG', false );
define( 'MAGPIE_USER_AGENT', 'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64; rv:64.0) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/64.0' );
define( 'MAGPIE_FETCH_TIME_OUT', 5 );
define( 'MAGPIE_USE_GZIP', true );

/* MultiSite */
/*
define( 'WP_ALLOW_MULTISITE', true );
define( 'ALLOW_SUBDIRECTORY_INSTAL', true );
define( 'MULTISITE', true );
define( 'SUBDOMAIN_INSTALL', true );
define( 'DOMAIN_CURRENT_SITE', $_SERVER['SERVER_NAME'] );
define( 'PATH_CURRENT_SITE', '/' );
define( 'SITE_ID_CURRENT_SITE', 1) ;
define( 'BLOG_ID_CURRENT_SITE', 1 );
define( 'WPMU_ACCEL_REDIRECT', false );
define( 'WPMU_SENDFILE', false );
define( 'UPLOADBLOGSDIR', 'wp-content/blogs.dir' );
define( 'NOBLOGREDIRECT, '%siteurl%' );
*/

/* Domain mapping plugin */
//define( 'SUNRISE', false );

/* External URL Requests */
define( 'WP_HTTP_BLOCK_EXTERNAL', false );
if ( WP_HTTP_BLOCK_EXTERNAL ) {
	define( 'WP_ACCESSIBLE_HOSTS', '*.wordpress.org,*.github.com' );
}

/* File permissions */
//define('FS_CHMOD_DIR', (0755 & ~ umask()));
//define('FS_CHMOD_FILE', (0644 & ~ umask()));

/* Proxy */
/*
define('WP_PROXY_HOST', '' );
define('WP_PROXY_PORT', '' );
define('WP_PROXY_USERNAME', '' );
define('WP_PROXY_PASSWORD', '' );
define('WP_PROXY_BYPASS_HOSTS', 'localhost' );
*/

/* Debug */
define( 'WP_DEBUG', true );
define( 'WP_DEBUG_DISPLAY', false );
define( 'WP_DEBUG_LOG', ROOT . '/error_php.log' );
//define( 'WP_DEBUG_LOG', ROOT . '/error_php_' . date('Y-m-d') . '.log' );
define( 'WP_DISABLE_FATAL_ERROR_HANDLER', false );

define( 'WP_SANDBOX_SCRAPING', false ); // Turn off WSOD Protection (and don't send email notification)
define( 'WP_START_TIMESTAMP', microtime( true ) ); // Modify the WordPress start time.

define( 'SCRIPT_DEBUG', false );
define( 'SAVEQUERIES', true );
define( 'DIEONDBERROR', false ); //$wpdb->print_error() and multisite
define( 'ERRORLOGFILE', ROOT . '/error_database.log' );
/**
 * Allow WordPress to detect HTTPS when used behind a reverse proxy or a load balancer
 * See https://codex.wordpress.org/Function_Reference/is_ssl#Notes
 */
if ( isset( $_SERVER[ 'HTTP_X_FORWARDED_PROTO' ] ) && $_SERVER[ 'HTTP_X_FORWARDED_PROTO' ] === 'https' ) {
	$_SERVER[ 'HTTPS' ] = 'on';
}

if ( ! defined( 'ABSPATH' ) )
define( 'ABSPATH', WEB_ROOT . '/wp/' );

require_once ABSPATH . 'wp-settings.php';