Display head of player from his username or uuid using MojangAPI (github project)

head-api.php

<?php

/**
 * Informations
 * --------------------------------------
 *
 * This script use MojangAPI to display head of player from his username or uuid
 *
 * Parameters:
 * user = username or UUID
 * size = size in pixels, optional
 * 
 * E.g.: /head.php?user=Notch
 * E.g.: /head.php?user=069a79f4-44e9-4726-a5be-fca90e38aaf5&size=200
 *
 * Please check the configuration below to ensure everything will work
 */


/* Configuration
--------------------------------------*/

// debug = true  : in case of errors we print them
// debug = false : if we have errors we print default steve avatar instead
define('DEBUG', true);

// How many seconds skin is cached
define('CACHE_TIMEOUT', 86400);

// Default size of avatar if not provided
define('DEFAULT_SIZE', 100);

// Minimum size allowed
define('MINIMUM_SIZE', 10);

// And maximum size allowed
define('MAXIMUM_SIZE', 300);

// Where database should be
define('DATABASE_LOCATION', __DIR__ . '/cache/skins.sqlite');

// And where MojangApi is located
define('MOJANGAPI_LOCATION', __DIR__ . '/libraries/mojang-api.class.php');

// If we try to download MojangAPI if missing
define('AUTO_INSTALL', true);


/* White page ? 
 * Uncomment these 2 lines
--------------------------------------*/

// error_reporting(E_ALL);
// ini_set('display_errors', true);


/* URL Rewriting
--------------------------------------*/

/* If you want nice urls like: /head/Notch/100, create a file named ".htaccess" in the same directory with this:
# --------- .htaccess ---------


RewriteEngine on
# If you have 500 internal errors, remove the # and put the current directory from this line:
# RewriteBase /current-directory/

# Redirect "/head/Notch/100", "head/Notch" or "head/Notch.png" to the script
# So url is "/head/<username or uuid>/<size>", with size and .png extension being optional
RewriteRule ^head/([^/]+?)(?:/([^/]+?))?/?(?:\.png)?$ head.php?user=$1&size=$2 [L]


# --------- end of file ---------
*/

// ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- //
//          YOU DON'T NEED TO READ BELOW, IT IS ONLY SCRIPT AND PROCESSING PART          //
// ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- //

/* Requirements
--------------------------------------*/

// Check PDO Sqlite
if (!function_exists('extension_loaded') or !extension_loaded('pdo_sqlite')) {
    echo '<h2>Installation required</h2>';
    echo 'The extension <b>pdo_sqlite</b> is not enabled. '
        . 'Contact your webhost or enable it yourself to use this script. '
        . 'More informations can be found <a href="http://php.net/manual/ref.pdo-sqlite.php" target="_blank">here</a>.';
    exit;
}

// Check Mojang API class
if (!is_file(MOJANGAPI_LOCATION)) {

    // Try to download it
    $parentFolder = dirname(MOJANGAPI_LOCATION);
    $parentOfParent = dirname($parentFolder);
    if (AUTO_INSTALL === true and is_dir($parentOfParent)) {
        $mojangApi = @file_get_contents('https://raw.githubusercontent.com/MineTheCube/MojangAPI/master/mojang-api.class.php');
        if (strlen($mojangApi) > 20000) {
            if (!is_dir($parentFolder)) mkdir($parentFolder);
            file_put_contents(MOJANGAPI_LOCATION, $mojangApi);
        }
    }

    // MojangAPI is still missing
    if (!is_file(MOJANGAPI_LOCATION)) {
        echo '<h2>Installation required</h2>';
        echo 'You need to <a href="https://github.com/MineTheCube/MojangAPI" target="_blank">download <b>mojang-api.class.php</b></a>'
            . ' in the following folder: <b>' . htmlentities(str_replace('\\', '/', dirname(DATABASE_LOCATION))) . '/</b>';
        exit;
    }
}

// Check database
if (!is_dir(dirname(DATABASE_LOCATION))) {

    // Try to create folder
    if (AUTO_INSTALL === true) {
        $parentFolder = dirname(DATABASE_LOCATION);
        $parentOfParent = dirname($parentFolder);
        if (AUTO_INSTALL === true and is_dir($parentOfParent)) {
            mkdir($parentFolder);
        }
    }
    
    // Folder still not created
    if (!is_dir(dirname(DATABASE_LOCATION))) {
        echo '<h2>Installation required</h2>';
        echo 'You need to create the following folder: <b>' . htmlentities(str_replace('\\', '/', dirname(DATABASE_LOCATION))) . '/</b>';
        exit;
    }
}


/* Initialization
--------------------------------------*/

// Require MojangAPI
require_once MOJANGAPI_LOCATION;

// Get query parameters
// User can be either username or UUID
$user = !empty($_GET['user']) ? (string) $_GET['user'] : null;
$size = !empty($_GET['size']) ? (int)    $_GET['size'] : DEFAULT_SIZE;

// Start database connection
try {
    // We'll create a new database
    $initDatabase = !is_file(DATABASE_LOCATION);
    // Ensure we have write access
    if ($initDatabase) chmod(dirname(DATABASE_LOCATION), 0755);
    // Try to connect
    $pdo = new PDO('sqlite:' . DATABASE_LOCATION, null, null, array(PDO::ATTR_ERRMODE => PDO::ERRMODE_EXCEPTION));
    // And ensure we can write to it
    if ($initDatabase) chmod(DATABASE_LOCATION, 0666);
} catch (PDOException $e) {
    // Nope, giving up here..
    echo '<h2>Cannot connect to database</h2>';
    echo 'The following error happened when trying to connect to sqlite database:';
    echo '<pre>' . $e->getMessage() . '</pre>';
    exit;
}

// Create table if missing
$pdo->exec('CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS cache (username TEXT NOT NULL, uuid TEXT NOT NULL, skin TEXT NOT NULL, time INTEGER NOT NULL)');

// Delete old skin data
$time = time() - CACHE_TIMEOUT;
$stmt = $pdo->prepare('DELETE FROM cache WHERE time < ?');
$stmt->execute(array($time));

// One out 20 requests, we do a VACUUM to free unused space
if (rand(0, 20) === 0) $pdo->exec('VACUUM');

$errors = array();


/* Verify parameters
--------------------------------------*/

// Ensure size is correct
if ($size >= MINIMUM_SIZE and $size <= MAXIMUM_SIZE) {

    if (MojangAPI::isValidUuid($user)) {
        // We have a correct UUID
        $uuid = MojangAPI::minifyUuid($user);
        $username = null;
        $field = 'uuid';
        $value = $uuid;
    } else if (MojangAPI::isValidUsername($user)) {
        // We have a correct username
        $username = $user;
        $uuid = null;
        $field = 'username';
        $value = strtolower($username);
    } else {
        $errors[] = 'No valid UUID or username given';
    }


    /* Get skin
    --------------------------------------*/

    // We have both field and value defined
    if (isset($field) and isset($value)) {

        $skin = null;

        $stmt = $pdo->prepare('SELECT skin FROM cache WHERE ' . $field . ' = ?');
        $stmt->execute(array($value));
        $result = $stmt->fetch();

        // If no cache available
        if (empty($result)) {

            // Let's fetch the uuid or username missing
            if (!empty($uuid)) {
                $username = MojangAPI::getUsername($uuid);
            } else {
                $profile = MojangAPI::getProfile($username);
                if (!empty($profile)) {
                    $username = $profile['name'];
                    $uuid = $profile['id'];
                }
            }

            // We should have both now
            if (!empty($username) and !empty($uuid)) {

                // Fetch the skin from Mojang's server
                $skin = MojangAPI::getSkin($uuid);

                // User exists but hasn't a skin
                if (is_null($skin)) {
                    $skin = MojangAPI::isAlex($uuid) ? MojangAPI::getAlexSkin() : MojangAPI::getSteveSkin();
                }

                if (!empty($skin)) {

                    // Cache result
                    $stmt = $pdo->prepare('INSERT INTO cache VALUES(?, ?, ?, ?)');
                    $stmt->execute(array(strtolower($username), $uuid, base64_encode($skin), time()));

                } else {
                    $errors[] = 'Cannot get skin from Mojang';
                }

            } else {
                $errors[] = 'Cannot get UUID or username from Mojang';
            }

        } else {
            // Get from cache
            $skin = base64_decode($result['skin']);
        }


        /* Display it
        --------------------------------------*/

        if (!empty($skin)) {

            // Get head from skin
            $head = MojangAPI::getPlayerHeadFromSkin($skin, $size);

            // Print it with browser caching
            MojangAPI::printImage($head, CACHE_TIMEOUT);
            exit;
        }
    }
} else {
    // Going to default size
    $size = DEFAULT_SIZE;
    $errors[] = 'Invalid size';
}


/* An error happened
--------------------------------------*/

if (DEBUG === true) {
    // Display errors
    echo '<h2>Something went wrong</h2>';
    echo '<ul><li>';
    echo implode('</li><li>', $errors);
    echo '</li></ul>';
} else {
    // If we have an uuid, it may be alex
    $head = (!empty($uuid) and MojangAPI::isAlex($uuid)) ? MojangAPI::getAlexHead($size) : MojangAPI::getSteveHead($size);

    // Display default skin, with 15min caching
    MojangAPI::printImage($head, 900);
}

// Exit to ensure nothing will be displayed after the image
exit;