Elixir ruby-like SecureRandom

secure_random.ex

# UPD from 2018:
# This gist was written for pre-1.0 version of Elixir and won't work on post-1.0 versions.
# You probably consider using something else!

defmodule SecureRandom do
  @moduledoc """
  Ruby-like SecureRandom module.

  ## Examples

      iex> SecureRandom.base64
      "xhTcitKZI8YiLGzUNLD+HQ=="

      iex> SecureRandom.urlsafe_base64(4)
      "pLSVJw"

  """

  @default_length 16

  @doc """
  Returns random Base64 encoded string.

  ## Examples
    
      iex> SecureRandom.base64
      "rm/JfqH8Y+Jd7m5SHTHJoA=="

      iex> SecureRandom.base64(8)
      "2yDtUyQ5Xws="

  """
  def base64(n // @default_length) when is_integer n do
    random_bytes(n)
    |> :base64.encode_to_string
    |> to_string
  end

  @doc """
  Returns random urlsafe Base64 encoded string.

  ## Examples

      iex> SecureRandom.urlsafe_base64
      "xYQcVfWuq6THMY_ZVmG0mA"

      iex> SecureRandom.urlsafe_base64(8)
      "8cN__l-6wNw"

  """
  def urlsafe_base64(n // @default_length) when is_integer n do
    random_bytes(n)
    |> :base64.encode_to_string
    |> to_string
    |> String.replace(%r/[\n\=]/, "")
    |> String.replace(%r/\+/, "-")
    |> String.replace(%r/\//, "_")
  end

  @doc """
  Returns random hex string.
  
  ## Examples

      iex> SecureRandom.hex
      "c3d3b6cdab81a7382fbbae33407b3272"

      iex> SecureRandom.hex(8)
      "125583e32b698259"

  """
  def hex(n // @default_length) when is_integer n do
    random_bytes(n)
    |> bitstring_to_list
    |> Enum.map(fn (x) -> integer_to_binary(x, 16) end)
    |> Enum.join
    |> String.downcase
  end

  @doc """
  Returns UUID v4. Not implemented yet.
  """
  def uuid do
    raise NotImplemented
  end

  @doc """
  Returns random number.

  ## Examples

      iex> SecureRandom.random_number
      0.11301116455519611

      iex> SecureRandom.random_number(42)
      31

      iex> SecureRandom.random_number(14, 42)
      18

      iex> SecureRandom.random_number(14..42)
      28

  """
  def random_number do
    :random.seed({:crypto.rand_uniform(1, 99999), :crypto.rand_uniform(1, 99999), :crypto.rand_uniform(1, 99999)})
    :random.uniform
  end

  def random_number(x) when is_integer x do
    :crypto.rand_uniform(1, x)
  end

  def random_number(range) when is_range range do
    :crypto.rand_uniform(Range.first(range), Range.last(range))
  end

  def random_number(x, y) when is_integer(x) and is_integer(y) do
    :crypto.rand_uniform(x, y)
  end

  @doc """
  Returns random bytes.
  
  ## Examples

      iex> SecureRandom.random_bytes
      <<202, 104, 227, 197, 25, 7, 132, 73, 92, 186, 242, 13, 170, 115, 135, 7>>

      iex> SecureRandom.random_bytes(8)
      <<231, 123, 252, 174, 156, 112, 15, 29>>

  """
  def random_bytes(n // @default_length) when is_integer n do
    :crypto.strong_rand_bytes(n)
  end
end

Also, the regular expressions in urlsafe_base64 won't even make this compile. Correct version is:

  def urlsafe_base64(n // @default_length) when is_integer n do
    random_bytes(n)
    |> :base64.encode_to_string
    |> to_string
    |> String.replace(~r/[\n\=]/, "")
    |> String.replace(~r/\+/, "-")
    |> String.replace(~r/\//, "_")
  end

All in all, I discourage all future visitors from using this gist.

@lucidstack and @robconery, wow, I just saw this comments during my gists "maintenance". Guys it was naive implementation wrote for pre-1.0 version of Elixir. Since then base syntax of the language changed, so it definitely won't work on post-1.0 versions of Elixir.