Antenna plot generator

antenna_plot.py

import sys
import os
from pathlib import Path
from typing import Optional, List

import numpy as np
from scipy.interpolate import PchipInterpolator
import matplotlib
matplotlib.use('QtAgg')
from matplotlib.backends.backend_qtagg import FigureCanvasQTAgg as FigureCanvas
from matplotlib.figure import Figure
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt

from PyQt6.QtCore import Qt
from PyQt6.QtWidgets import (
    QApplication, QWidget, QVBoxLayout, QLabel, 
    QPushButton, QFileDialog, QHBoxLayout
)


class PlotConfig:
    """Configuration constants for the polar plot."""
    R_CENTER = -40
    R_OUTER = 0
    RADIAL_TICKS = [0, 5, 10, 20, 30, 40]
    SMOOTH_POINTS = 360
    FIGURE_SIZE = (6, 6)
    THETA_OFFSET = np.pi / 2
    CURVE_LINEWIDTH = 2
    POINT_COLOR = 'red'


class DataLoader:
    """Handles loading and validating antenna data."""
    
    def __init__(self, filename: str = "antenna.txt"):
        self.filename = filename
    
    def get_data_path(self) -> Path:
        """Get the path to the data file relative to the executable/script."""
        if getattr(sys, 'frozen', False):
            base_dir = Path(sys.executable).parent
        else:
            base_dir = Path(__file__).parent
        return base_dir / self.filename
    
    def load(self) -> tuple[Optional[List[float]], Optional[str]]:
        """
        Load and validate data from file.
        
        Returns:
            tuple: (data list, error message) where error is None if successful
        """
        file_path = self.get_data_path()
        
        if not file_path.exists():
            return None, f"Error: '{self.filename}' not found next to executable."
        
        try:
            with open(file_path, "r") as f:
                line = f.readline().strip()
                if not line:
                    return None, "Error: File is empty."
                
                data = [float(x) for x in line.split(",")]
                
                if len(data) < 2:
                    return None, "Error: Not enough data points to plot."
                
                return data, None
                
        except ValueError:
            return None, "Error: File contains invalid data. Must be comma-separated numbers."
        except Exception as e:
            return None, f"Error reading file: {e}"


class PolarPlotter:
    """Handles the creation and configuration of polar plots."""
    
    def __init__(self, config: PlotConfig = PlotConfig()):
        self.config = config
    
    def prepare_data(self, data: List[float]) -> tuple:
        """
        Prepare data for plotting with interpolation.
        
        Returns:
            tuple: (theta, theta_smooth, r_plot, original_r)
        """
        n_points = len(data)
        theta = np.linspace(0, 2 * np.pi, n_points, endpoint=True)
        theta_smooth = np.linspace(0, 2 * np.pi, self.config.SMOOTH_POINTS)
        
        # Interpolate for smooth curve
        pchip = PchipInterpolator(theta, data, extrapolate=True)
        data_smooth = pchip(theta_smooth)
        
        # Transform to correct radial scale (0 dB at perimeter, -40 dB at center)
        r_plot = data_smooth - self.config.R_CENTER
        original_r = np.array(data) - self.config.R_CENTER
        
        return theta, theta_smooth, r_plot, original_r
    
    def configure_axis(self, ax):
        """Configure polar axis with proper labels and limits."""
        ax.set_ylim(0, self.config.R_OUTER - self.config.R_CENTER)
        ax.set_yticks(self.config.RADIAL_TICKS)
        ax.set_yticklabels([
            str(int(self.config.R_CENTER + t)) 
            for t in self.config.RADIAL_TICKS
        ])
    
    def plot_on_axis(self, ax, data: List[float]):
        """Plot data on the given axis."""
        theta, theta_smooth, r_plot, original_r = self.prepare_data(data)
        
        # Plot smooth curve and original points
        ax.plot(theta_smooth, r_plot, linewidth=self.config.CURVE_LINEWIDTH)
        ax.plot(theta, original_r, 'o', color=self.config.POINT_COLOR)
        
        self.configure_axis(ax)
    
    def create_figure(self, data: List[float]) -> Figure:
        """Create a standalone figure with the plot."""
        fig = plt.figure(figsize=self.config.FIGURE_SIZE)
        ax = fig.add_subplot(
            1, 1, 1, 
            projection='polar', 
            theta_offset=self.config.THETA_OFFSET
        )
        self.plot_on_axis(ax, data)
        return fig


class AntennaPlot(QWidget):
    """Main application window for antenna polar plots."""
    
    def __init__(self):
        super().__init__()
        self.data: Optional[List[float]] = None
        self.loader = DataLoader()
        self.plotter = PolarPlotter()
        
        self._setup_ui()
        self.plot_data()
    
    def _setup_ui(self):
        """Initialize the user interface."""
        self.setWindowTitle("Antenna Polar Plot")
        self.resize(700, 580)
        
        # Main layout
        layout = QVBoxLayout()
        layout.setAlignment(Qt.AlignmentFlag.AlignTop)
        self.setLayout(layout)
        
        # Error label
        self.error_label = QLabel()
        layout.addWidget(self.error_label)
        
        # Matplotlib canvas
        self.canvas = FigureCanvas(Figure(figsize=(5, 5)))
        layout.addWidget(self.canvas)
        self.ax = self.canvas.figure.add_subplot(
            1, 1, 1, 
            projection='polar', 
            theta_offset=PlotConfig.THETA_OFFSET
        )
        
        # Buttons
        btn_layout = QHBoxLayout()
        layout.addLayout(btn_layout)
        
        self.reload_btn = QPushButton("Reload")
        self.save_btn = QPushButton("Save")
        btn_layout.addWidget(self.reload_btn)
        btn_layout.addWidget(self.save_btn)
        
        # Connect signals
        self.reload_btn.clicked.connect(self.plot_data)
        self.save_btn.clicked.connect(self.save_plot)
    
    def plot_data(self):
        """Load and plot antenna data."""
        self.ax.clear()
        self.error_label.clear()
        
        # Load data
        self.data, error = self.loader.load()
        
        if error:
            self.error_label.setText(error)
            self.canvas.draw()
            return
        
        # Plot
        try:
            self.plotter.plot_on_axis(self.ax, self.data)
            self.canvas.draw()
        except Exception as e:
            self.error_label.setText(f"Error plotting data: {e}")
    
    def save_plot(self):
        """Save the current plot to an image file."""
        if self.data is None:
            self.error_label.setText("No data to save.")
            return
        
        # Get save filename
        filename, _ = QFileDialog.getSaveFileName(
            self,
            "Save Plot As Image",
            "",
            "PNG Files (*.png);;JPEG Files (*.jpg);;All Files (*)",
            options=QFileDialog.Option.DontUseNativeDialog
        )
        
        if not filename:
            return
        
        # Create and save figure
        try:
            matplotlib.use('Agg')  # Non-GUI backend for saving
            fig = self.plotter.create_figure(self.data)
            fig.savefig(filename, dpi=150, bbox_inches='tight')
            plt.close(fig)
            matplotlib.use('QtAgg')  # Restore GUI backend
            self.error_label.setText(f"Saved successfully to {Path(filename).name}")
        except Exception as e:
            self.error_label.setText(f"Error saving image: {e}")


def main():
    """Application entry point."""
    app = QApplication(sys.argv)
    win = AntennaPlot()
    win.show()
    sys.exit(app.exec())


if __name__ == "__main__":
    main()

Вы можете сгенерировать .exe-файл. Просто установите пакеты командой pip -install numpy scipy matplotlib PyQt6. Затем установите pyinstaller командой pip -install pyinstaller и выполните: pyinstaller --onefile --windowed antenna_plot.py

Не забудьте создать файл antenna.txt и поместить туда набор чисел в диапазоне от –40 до 0 дБ, основанных на ваших измерениях антенны, например: 0, -5, -10, -20, -10, -5, 0.
Это означает:
0 дБ при 0°,
–5 дБ при 72°,
–10 дБ при 144°,
–20 дБ при 216°,
–10 дБ при 288°,
0 дБ при 360°.

То есть вам нужно ввести данные для углов 0–360°. Но шаг может быть любым, не обязательно 72°. Основное правило: количество измерений должно быть нечётным, причём первое значение соответствует 0° на графике, а последнее — 360°.

Если вы не хотите собирать .exe самостоятельно, вы можете скачать его здесь.