Install essential packages for remote machine

packages.sh

#!/bin/sh

# Minimal Linux Package Management Setup Script
# POSIX-compliant and compatible with Ubuntu, Debian, Alpine, Rocky Linux, and Arch.
#
# sudo sh -c "$(curl -fsSL https://gist.githubusercontent.com/Raiu/504e91365e9d6b3b5c47c8752b212858/raw/packages.sh)"
#

set -e

log() { [ "$QUIET" -ne 1 ] && echo "$@"; }
error() { echo "Error: $*" >&2 && exit 1; }
exist() { type "$1" >/dev/null 2>&1; }

DEBIAN_UBUNTU="curl iputils-ping mtr nmap net-tools openssh-server rsync wget rar tree unzip unrar zip zoxide htop jq lshw mc screen tmux ca-certificates gnupg apt-transport-https apt-utils lsb-release software-properties-common git python3 python3-pip moreutils vim bash zsh sudo"
ALPINE="curl iputils mtr nmap net-tools openssh rsync wget rar tree unzip unrar zip zoxide htop jq lshw mc screen tmux ca-certificates gnupg alpine-sdk moreutils git python3 py3-pip vim bash doas shadow zsh"
ROCKY="curl iputils mtr nmap net-tools openssh-server rsync wget rar tree unzip unrar zip zoxide htop jq lshw mc screen tmux ca-certificates gnupg moreutils yum-utils gcc git make python3 python3-pip vim bash sudo zsh"
ARCH="curl iputils mtr nmap net-tools openssh rsync wget rar tree unzip unrar zip zoxide htop jq lshw mc screen tmux ca-certificates gnupg base-devel moreutils git python python-pip vim bash sudo zsh"

usage() {
    cat <<EOF
Usage: $(basename "$0") [OPTIONS] [PACKAGES...]

Options:
  -q, --quiet               Suppress output (silent mode).
  -p, --packages <packages> Specify custom packages as a quoted string.
  -h, --help                Display this help message and exit.

Examples:
  $(basename "$0")                   # Install default packages.
  $(basename "$0") -q                # Quiet mode with default packages.
  $(basename "$0") curl wget vim     # Install specific packages.
  $(basename "$0") -p "curl wget"    # Use quoted string for custom packages.
  $(basename "$0") -q curl wget vim  # Quiet mode with custom packages.
EOF
    exit 0
}

get_distro() {
    [ ! -f "/etc/os-release" ] && error "/etc/os-release does not exist."
    distro_id=$(grep "^ID=" /etc/os-release | cut -d= -f2 | awk '{print tolower($0)}')
    [ -z "$distro_id" ] && error 'ID field not found in /etc/os-release.'
    printf '%s' "$distro_id"
}

can_escalate() { command -v "$1" >/dev/null 2>&1 && "$1" -n true 2>/dev/null; }

setup_privileges() {
    [ "$(id -u)" -eq 0 ] && return 0
    for cmd in sudo doas; do
        if can_escalate "$cmd"; then
            SUDO="$cmd"
            return 0
        fi
    done
    error "Neither sudo nor doas found or accessible. Please run as root or install sudo/doas."
}

install_apt() {
    DEBNI="DEBIAN_FRONTEND=noninteractive"
    NOREC="--no-install-recommends --no-install-suggests"

    if [ "$DISTRO" = "ubuntu" ]; then
        $SUDO apt-add-repository -y universe restricted multiverse >/dev/null
    elif [ "$DISTRO" = "debian" ]; then
        if ! grep -q "contrib" /etc/apt/sources.list; then
            $SUDO sh -c "sed -i '/^deb / s/$/ contrib/' /etc/apt/sources.list"
        fi
        if ! grep -q "non-free" /etc/apt/sources.list; then
            $SUDO sh -c "sed -i '/^deb / s/$/ non-free/' /etc/apt/sources.list"
        fi
        if ! grep -q "non-free-firmware" /etc/apt/sources.list; then
            $SUDO sh -c "sed -i '/^deb / s/$/ non-free-firmware/' /etc/apt/sources.list"
        fi
    fi

    $SUDO sh -c "apt-get update >/dev/null && apt-get upgrade -y >/dev/null"
    log "  * Installing packages..."
    for pkg in $DEBIAN_UBUNTU; do
        log "    - Installing $pkg"
        $SUDO sh -c "$DEBNI apt-get install -y $NOREC $pkg >/dev/null" || error "Failed to install $pkg on APT-based systems."
    done

    $SUDO sh -c "apt-get autoremove -y >/dev/null && apt-get clean -y >/dev/null"
}

install_alpine() {
    log "  * Updating Alpine repositories..."
    $SUDO sh -c "apk update -q >/dev/null" || error "Failed to update Alpine repositories."

    log "  * Upgrading Alpine packages..."
    $SUDO sh -c "apk upgrade -q --no-interactive >/dev/null" || error "Failed to upgrade Alpine packages."

    log "  * Installing packages..."
    for pkg in $ALPINE; do
        log "    - Installing $pkg"
        $SUDO sh -c "apk add -q --no-interactive $pkg >/dev/null" || error "Failed to install $pkg on Alpine."
    done

    $SUDO sh -c "apk cache clean >/dev/null" || error "Failed to clean up Alpine package cache."
}

install_rpm() {
    log "  * Updating RHEL-based repositories..."
    $SUDO sh -c "dnf makecache -q >/dev/null" || error "Failed to update RPM-based repositories."
    $SUDO sh -c "dnf upgrade -y -q >/dev/null" || error "Failed to upgrade RPM-based packages."

    log "  * Installing packages..."
    for pkg in $ROCKY; do
        log "    - Installing $pkg"
        $SUDO sh -c "dnf install -y -q $pkg >/dev/null" || error "Failed to install $pkg on RHEL-based systems."
    done

    $SUDO sh -c "dnf autoremove -y -q >/dev/null && dnf clean all >/dev/null" || error "Failed to clean up RPM package manager."
}

install_arch() {
    log "  * Updating Arch/Manjaro repositories..."
    $SUDO sh -c "pacman -Sy --noconfirm --quiet >/dev/null" || error "Failed to update Arch/Manjaro repositories."

    log "  * Installing packages..."
    for pkg in $ARCH; do
        log "    - Installing $pkg"
        $SUDO sh -c "pacman -S --noconfirm --quiet $pkg >/dev/null" || error "Failed to install $pkg on Arch-based systems."
    done

    $SUDO sh -c "pacman -Sc --noconfirm >/dev/null" || error "Failed to clean up Arch package manager."
}

process_packages() {
    case "$DISTRO" in
    ubuntu | debian) install_apt ;;
    alpine) install_alpine ;;
    rocky | centos | fedora | rhel) install_rpm ;;
    arch | manjaro) install_arch ;;
    *) error "Unsupported distribution: $DISTRO" ;;
    esac
}

main() {
    QUIET=0
    CUSTOM=""
    DISTRO=$(get_distro)
    while [ "$#" -gt 0 ]; do
        case "$1" in
        -q | --quiet) QUIET=1 ;;
        -p | --packages)
            shift
            CUSTOM="$1"
            ;;
        -h | --help) usage ;;
        -*) error "Invalid argument: $1. Use -h or --help for usage information." ;;
        *) CUSTOM="$CUSTOM $1" ;;
        esac
        shift
    done

    log "Starting package management setup..."
    log "  * Verifying privileges..."
    setup_privileges
    process_packages
    log "Setup complete! Packages installed successfully."
}

main "$@"