RomaKoks · February 7, 2018 19:53
diff --git a/lab3.py b/lab3.py
 # -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
 """
 Lyle Scott III
 [email protected]
 http://www.digitalfoo.net

 CREDITS
 This program was written by reading 'DES Algorithm Illustrated' over and over
 and over. Thanks for this!
 -- http://orlingrabbe.com/des.htm
 -- by J. Orlin Grabbe
 """
 import sys


 PC1 = [57,  49,  41,  33,  25,  17,   9,
        1,  58,  50,  42,  34,  26,  18,
       10,   2,  59,  51,  43,  35,  27,
       19,  11,   3,  60,  52,  44,  36,
       63,  55,  47,  39,  31,  23,  15,
        7,  62,  54,  46,  38,  30,  22,
       14,   6,  61,  53,  45,  37,  29,
       21,  13,   5,  28,  20,  12,   4]

 PC2 = [14,  17,  11,  24,   1,   5,
       3,   28,  15,   6,  21,  10,
       23,  19,  12,   4,  26,   8,
       16,   7,  27,  20,  13,   2,
       41,  52,  31,  37,  47,  55,
       30,  40,  51,  45,  33,  48,
       44,  49,  39,  56,  34,  53,
       46,  42,  50,  36,  29,  32]

 LSHIFT_MAP = [1, 1, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 1, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 1]

 IP = [58,  50,  42,  34,  26,  18,  10,   2,
      60,  52,  44,  36,  28,  20,  12,   4,
      62,  54,  46,  38,  30,  22,  14,   6,
      64,  56,  48,  40,  32,  24,  16,   8,
      57,  49,  41,  33,  25,  17,   9,   1,
      59,  51,  43,  35,  27,  19,  11,   3,
      61,  53,  45,  37,  29,  21,  13,   5,
      63,  55,  47,  39,  31,  23,  15,   7]

 E = [32,   1,   2,   3,   4,   5,
      4,   5,   6,   7,   8,   9,
      8,   9,  10,  11,  12,  13,
     12,  13,  14,  15,  16,  17,
     16,  17,  18,  19,  20,  21,
     20,  21,  22,  23,  24,  25,
     24,  25,  26,  27,  28,  29,
     28,  29,  30,  31,  32,   1]

 SBOXES = {0:
            [[14,  4, 13,  1,  2, 15, 11,  8,  3, 10,  6, 12,  5,  9,  0,  7],
             [ 0, 15,  7,  4, 14,  2, 13,  1, 10,  6, 12, 11,  9,  5,  3,  8],
             [ 4,  1, 14,  8, 13,  6,  2, 11, 15, 12,  9,  7,  3, 10,  5,  0],
             [15, 12,  8,  2,  4,  9,  1,  7,  5, 11,  3, 14, 10,  0,  6, 13]],
          1:
            [[15,  1,  8, 14,  6, 11,  3,  4,  9,  7,  2, 13, 12,  0,  5, 10],
             [ 3, 13,  4,  7, 15,  2,  8, 14, 12,  0,  1, 10,  6,  9, 11,  5],
             [ 0, 14,  7, 11, 10,  4, 13,  1,  5,  8, 12,  6,  9,  3,  2, 15],
             [13,  8, 10,  1,  3, 15,  4,  2, 11,  6,  7, 12,  0,  5, 14,  9]],
          2:
            [[10,  0,  9, 14,  6,  3, 15,  5,  1, 13, 12,  7, 11,  4,  2,  8],
             [13,  7,  0,  9,  3,  4,  6, 10,  2,  8,  5, 14, 12, 11, 15,  1],
             [13,  6,  4,  9,  8, 15,  3,  0, 11,  1,  2, 12,  5, 10, 14,  7],
             [ 1, 10, 13,  0,  6,  9,  8,  7,  4, 15, 14,  3, 11,  5,  2, 12]],
          3:
            [[ 7, 13, 14,  3,  0,  6,  9, 10,  1,  2,  8,  5, 11, 12,  4, 15],
             [13,  8, 11,  5,  6, 15,  0,  3,  4,  7,  2, 12,  1, 10, 14,  9],
             [10,  6,  9,  0, 12, 11,  7, 13, 15,  1,  3, 14,  5,  2,  8,  4],
             [ 3, 15,  0,  6, 10,  1, 13,  8,  9,  4,  5, 11, 12,  7,  2, 14]],
          4:
            [[ 2, 12,  4,  1,  7, 10, 11,  6,  8,  5,  3, 15, 13,  0, 14,  9],
             [14, 11,  2, 12,  4,  7, 13,  1,  5,  0, 15, 10,  3,  9,  8,  6],
             [ 4,  2,  1, 11, 10, 13,  7,  8, 15,  9, 12,  5,  6,  3,  0, 14],
             [11,  8, 12,  7,  1, 14,  2, 13,  6, 15,  0,  9, 10,  4,  5,  3]],
          5:
            [[12,  1, 10, 15,  9,  2,  6,  8,  0, 13,  3,  4, 14,  7,  5, 11],
             [10, 15,  4,  2,  7, 12,  9,  5,  6,  1, 13, 14,  0, 11,  3,  8],
             [ 9, 14, 15,  5,  2,  8, 12,  3,  7,  0,  4, 10,  1, 13, 11,  6],
             [ 4,  3,  2, 12,  9,  5, 15, 10, 11, 14,  1,  7,  6,  0,  8, 13]],
          6:
            [[ 4, 11,  2, 14, 15,  0,  8, 13,  3, 12,  9,  7,  5, 10,  6,  1],
             [13,  0, 11,  7,  4,  9,  1, 10, 14,  3,  5, 12,  2, 15,  8,  6],
             [ 1,  4, 11, 13, 12,  3,  7, 14, 10, 15,  6,  8,  0,  5,  9,  2],
             [ 6, 11, 13,  8,  1,  4, 10,  7,  9,  5,  0, 15, 14,  2,  3, 12]],
          7:
            [[13,  2,  8,  4,  6, 15, 11,  1, 10,  9,  3, 14,  5,  0, 12,  7],
             [ 1, 15, 13,  8, 10,  3,  7,  4, 12,  5,  6, 11,  0, 14,  9,  2],
             [ 7, 11,  4,  1,  9, 12, 14,  2,  0,  6, 10, 13, 15,  3,  5,  8],
             [ 2,  1, 14,  7,  4, 10,  8, 13, 15, 12,  9,  0,  3,  5,  6, 11]]}

 P = [16,   7,  20,  21,
     29,  12,  28,  17,
      1,  15,  23,  26,
      5,  18,  31,  10,
      2,   8,  24,  14,
     32,  27,   3,   9,
     19,  13,  30,   6,
     22,  11,   4,  25]

 IP_INVERSE = [40,   8,  48,  16,  56,  24,  64,  32,
              39,   7,  47,  15,  55,  23,  63,  31,
              38,   6,  46,  14,  54,  22,  62,  30,
              37,   5,  45,  13,  53,  21,  61,  29,
              36,   4,  44,  12,  52,  20,  60,  28,
              35,   3,  43,  11,  51,  19,  59,  27,
              34,   2,  42,  10,  50,  18,  58,  26,
              33,   1,  41,   9,  49,  17,  57,  25]


 def hex_to_64binary(hexstr):
    """convert a hex string to a 64 bit wide binary number"""
    try:
        int64 = int(hexstr, 16)
    except ValueError:
        raise ValueError('ERROR: can not convert %s to base 16.' % hexstr)

    bin64 = str(bin(int64))[2:].rjust(64, '0')

    return bin64


 def binary_to_hex(binstr):
    """convert a binary string to a hex"""
    hexstr = []

    for i in range(0, len(binstr), 4):
        total = 0
        binstr_rev = [x for x in reversed(binstr[i:i+4])]
        for j in range(4):
            total += (2**j) * int(binstr_rev[j])
        hexstr.append('%X' % total)

    return ''.join(hexstr)


 def string_chunker(label, value, break_at=None):
    """print a label/value pair and insert a space in the value at break_at
    intervals
    """
    if break_at == None:
        s = value
    else:
        s = []
        for i in range(0, len(value), break_at):
            for ii in range(break_at):
                s.append(value[i+ii])
            s.append(' ')

        s = ''.join(map(str, s[:-1]))

    return '%s: %s' % (label.ljust(10), s)


 def lshift(c, d, iteration):
    """left shift bits N times according to the LSHIFT_MAP (where N is the
    value at LSHIFT_MAP[iteration]; append knocked off bit(s) to end of string
    """
    for i in range(LSHIFT_MAP[iteration]):
        c = '%s%s' % (c[1:], c[0])
        d = '%s%s' % (d[1:], d[0])

    return (c, d)


 def permutate(permutation, in_bits, out_bits_wide):
    """Map the bits contained within in_bits to a new bit string out_bits
    according to some permutation.

    1) iterate through the permutation
    1) for each value, in_bits_i, in the permutation
    2) map the value at in_bits[in_bits_i] to out_bits[iteration]
    """
    out_bits = [-1] * out_bits_wide
    for i in range(len(permutation)):
        in_bits_i = permutation[i] - 1
        out_bits[i] = in_bits[in_bits_i]

    return ''.join(map(str, out_bits))


 def xor(bits1, bits2):
    """xor bits1 bit string with bits2 bit string; also used for 2bit addition.

    Truth Table for XOR (think of T=1 and F=0...)
    T T = F
    T F = T
    F T = T
    F F = F
    """
    bits = []

    for i in range(len(bits1)):
        b1 = int(bits1[i])
        b2 = int(bits2[i])
        xor_bit = int(bool(b1) ^ bool(b2))
        bits.append(xor_bit)

    return ''.join(map(str, bits))


 def message_to_hex(msg):
    """convert an ASCII string to (uppercase) Hex"""
    hexstr = []

    for c in msg:
        hexstr.append('%X' % ord(c))

    return ''.join(hexstr)


 def get_hexwords(msg):
    """break the ASCII message into a 64bit (16 hex bytes) words"""
    hexwords = []

    for i in range(0, len(msg), 8):
        msg_block = msg[i:i+8]
        m = message_to_hex(msg_block)
        hexwords.append(m)

    last = hexwords[-1]
    hexwords[-1] += ''.join(['0'] * (16-len(last)))

    # TODO - remove
    #hexwords = ['0123456789ABCDEF']

    return hexwords


 def encrypt(key, msg):
    """break the message string down into hexwords and encrypt each"""
    encrypted_msg = []

    for hexword in get_hexwords(msg):
        #print string_chunker('encrypting hexword', hexword, 2)
        encrypted_msg.append(encrypt_hexword(key, hexword))

    return ''.join(encrypted_msg)


 def encrypt_hexword(key, hexword):
    """run a given hexword through the DES algorithm and return the encrypted
    hex string
    """
    # message
    m = hex_to_64binary(hexword)
    #print string_chunker('M', m, 4)

    # key
    k = hex_to_64binary(key)
    #print string_chunker('K', k, 8)

    # initial permutation of message
    ip = permutate(IP, m, 64)
    #print string_chunker('IP', ip, 8)

    middle = int(len(ip) // 2)
    l = ip[:middle]
    r = ip[middle:]
    #print string_chunker('l', l, 4)
    #print string_chunker('r', r, 4)

    # apply PC1 permutation to the key and split in half to form c and d
    cd = permutate(PC1, k, 56)
    middle = int(len(cd) / 2)
    c = cd[:middle]
    d = cd[middle:]
    #print string_chunker('cd:', cd, 7)
    #print string_chunker('c0:', c, 7)
    #print string_chunker('d0:', d, 7)

    #print '-'*80

    # loop 16 'rounds'
    for round_i in range(16):

        # left shift the bits of c and d
        (c, d) = lshift(c, d, round_i)
        #print string_chunker('c%d' % (round_i+1), c, 7)
        #print string_chunker('d%d' % (round_i+1), d, 7)

        # apply PC2 permutation
        k = permutate(PC2, c+d, 48)
        #print string_chunker('k%d' % (round_i+1), k, 6)

        # apply E permutation
        e = permutate(E, r, 48)
        #print string_chunker('E(R%d)' % (round_i), e, 6)

        # xor k with e (2 bit addition)
        x = xor(k, e)
        #print string_chunker('xor(K%d,E(R%d)' % (round_i+1, round_i), x, 6)

        # apply SBOX permutations to blocks of 6 values of the result of the
        # previous XOR.
        s = []
        for n in range(int(len(x) / 6)):
            start = 6 * n
            end = (6 * n) + 6
            b = x[start:end]
            i = int(b[0])*2**1 + int(b[-1])*2**0
            j = (int(b[1])*2**3 + int(b[2])*2**2 +
                 int(b[3])*2**1 + int(b[4])*2**0)
            s.append(str(bin(SBOXES[n][i][j]))[2:].rjust(4, '0'))
        s = ''.join(s)
        #print string_chunker('S%d' % (round_i+1), s, 4)

        # apply P permutation.
        f = permutate(P, s, 32)
        #print string_chunker('f%d' % (round_i+1), f, 4)

        # save value of l to calculate r (because the r bits have to get
        # shifted into l before we calculate the new r)
        l_prev = l

        # shift r into l (both 32 bits)
        l = r
        #print string_chunker('L%s' % (round_i+1), l, 4)

        # the new 32 bits of r are the saved value of l XORed/added to the value
        # of f
        r = xor(l_prev, f)
        #print string_chunker('R%d' % (round_i+1), r, 4)

        #print '-'*80

    # reverse left/right
    rl = '%s%s' % (r, l)
    #print string_chunker('rl', rl, 8)

    # apply the IP_INVERSE permutation
    encrypted_msg =  permutate(IP_INVERSE, rl, 64)
    #print string_chunker('enc msg', encrypted_msg, 8)

    # convert the final bitstring back into a hex message
    bin2hex = binary_to_hex(encrypted_msg)
    #print string_chunker('hex', bin2hex)

    return bin2hex


 def run():
    key = "0F1571C947D9E859"
    msg = "02468ACEECA86420"
    enc = encrypt_hexword(key, msg)
    print(string_chunker('encrypted:', enc, 16))


 if __name__ == '__main__':
    run()
	# -- coding: utf-8 --
	"""
	Lyle Scott III
	[email protected]
	http://www.digitalfoo.net

	CREDITS
	This program was written by reading 'DES Algorithm Illustrated' over and over
	and over. Thanks for this!
	-- http://orlingrabbe.com/des.htm
	-- by J. Orlin Grabbe
	"""
	import sys


	PC1 = [57, 49, 41, 33, 25, 17, 9,
	1, 58, 50, 42, 34, 26, 18,
	10, 2, 59, 51, 43, 35, 27,
	19, 11, 3, 60, 52, 44, 36,
	63, 55, 47, 39, 31, 23, 15,
	7, 62, 54, 46, 38, 30, 22,
	14, 6, 61, 53, 45, 37, 29,
	21, 13, 5, 28, 20, 12, 4]

	PC2 = [14, 17, 11, 24, 1, 5,
	3, 28, 15, 6, 21, 10,
	23, 19, 12, 4, 26, 8,
	16, 7, 27, 20, 13, 2,
	41, 52, 31, 37, 47, 55,
	30, 40, 51, 45, 33, 48,
	44, 49, 39, 56, 34, 53,
	46, 42, 50, 36, 29, 32]

	LSHIFT_MAP = [1, 1, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 1, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 1]

	IP = [58, 50, 42, 34, 26, 18, 10, 2,
	60, 52, 44, 36, 28, 20, 12, 4,
	62, 54, 46, 38, 30, 22, 14, 6,
	64, 56, 48, 40, 32, 24, 16, 8,
	57, 49, 41, 33, 25, 17, 9, 1,
	59, 51, 43, 35, 27, 19, 11, 3,
	61, 53, 45, 37, 29, 21, 13, 5,
	63, 55, 47, 39, 31, 23, 15, 7]

	E = [32, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5,
	4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9,
	8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13,
	12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17,
	16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21,
	20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25,
	24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29,
	28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 1]

	SBOXES = {0:
	[[14, 4, 13, 1, 2, 15, 11, 8, 3, 10, 6, 12, 5, 9, 0, 7],
	[ 0, 15, 7, 4, 14, 2, 13, 1, 10, 6, 12, 11, 9, 5, 3, 8],
	[ 4, 1, 14, 8, 13, 6, 2, 11, 15, 12, 9, 7, 3, 10, 5, 0],
	[15, 12, 8, 2, 4, 9, 1, 7, 5, 11, 3, 14, 10, 0, 6, 13]],
	1:
	[[15, 1, 8, 14, 6, 11, 3, 4, 9, 7, 2, 13, 12, 0, 5, 10],
	[ 3, 13, 4, 7, 15, 2, 8, 14, 12, 0, 1, 10, 6, 9, 11, 5],
	[ 0, 14, 7, 11, 10, 4, 13, 1, 5, 8, 12, 6, 9, 3, 2, 15],
	[13, 8, 10, 1, 3, 15, 4, 2, 11, 6, 7, 12, 0, 5, 14, 9]],
	2:
	[[10, 0, 9, 14, 6, 3, 15, 5, 1, 13, 12, 7, 11, 4, 2, 8],
	[13, 7, 0, 9, 3, 4, 6, 10, 2, 8, 5, 14, 12, 11, 15, 1],
	[13, 6, 4, 9, 8, 15, 3, 0, 11, 1, 2, 12, 5, 10, 14, 7],
	[ 1, 10, 13, 0, 6, 9, 8, 7, 4, 15, 14, 3, 11, 5, 2, 12]],
	3:
	[[ 7, 13, 14, 3, 0, 6, 9, 10, 1, 2, 8, 5, 11, 12, 4, 15],
	[13, 8, 11, 5, 6, 15, 0, 3, 4, 7, 2, 12, 1, 10, 14, 9],
	[10, 6, 9, 0, 12, 11, 7, 13, 15, 1, 3, 14, 5, 2, 8, 4],
	[ 3, 15, 0, 6, 10, 1, 13, 8, 9, 4, 5, 11, 12, 7, 2, 14]],
	4:
	[[ 2, 12, 4, 1, 7, 10, 11, 6, 8, 5, 3, 15, 13, 0, 14, 9],
	[14, 11, 2, 12, 4, 7, 13, 1, 5, 0, 15, 10, 3, 9, 8, 6],
	[ 4, 2, 1, 11, 10, 13, 7, 8, 15, 9, 12, 5, 6, 3, 0, 14],
	[11, 8, 12, 7, 1, 14, 2, 13, 6, 15, 0, 9, 10, 4, 5, 3]],
	5:
	[[12, 1, 10, 15, 9, 2, 6, 8, 0, 13, 3, 4, 14, 7, 5, 11],
	[10, 15, 4, 2, 7, 12, 9, 5, 6, 1, 13, 14, 0, 11, 3, 8],
	[ 9, 14, 15, 5, 2, 8, 12, 3, 7, 0, 4, 10, 1, 13, 11, 6],
	[ 4, 3, 2, 12, 9, 5, 15, 10, 11, 14, 1, 7, 6, 0, 8, 13]],
	6:
	[[ 4, 11, 2, 14, 15, 0, 8, 13, 3, 12, 9, 7, 5, 10, 6, 1],
	[13, 0, 11, 7, 4, 9, 1, 10, 14, 3, 5, 12, 2, 15, 8, 6],
	[ 1, 4, 11, 13, 12, 3, 7, 14, 10, 15, 6, 8, 0, 5, 9, 2],
	[ 6, 11, 13, 8, 1, 4, 10, 7, 9, 5, 0, 15, 14, 2, 3, 12]],
	7:
	[[13, 2, 8, 4, 6, 15, 11, 1, 10, 9, 3, 14, 5, 0, 12, 7],
	[ 1, 15, 13, 8, 10, 3, 7, 4, 12, 5, 6, 11, 0, 14, 9, 2],
	[ 7, 11, 4, 1, 9, 12, 14, 2, 0, 6, 10, 13, 15, 3, 5, 8],
	[ 2, 1, 14, 7, 4, 10, 8, 13, 15, 12, 9, 0, 3, 5, 6, 11]]}

	P = [16, 7, 20, 21,
	29, 12, 28, 17,
	1, 15, 23, 26,
	5, 18, 31, 10,
	2, 8, 24, 14,
	32, 27, 3, 9,
	19, 13, 30, 6,
	22, 11, 4, 25]

	IP_INVERSE = [40, 8, 48, 16, 56, 24, 64, 32,
	39, 7, 47, 15, 55, 23, 63, 31,
	38, 6, 46, 14, 54, 22, 62, 30,
	37, 5, 45, 13, 53, 21, 61, 29,
	36, 4, 44, 12, 52, 20, 60, 28,
	35, 3, 43, 11, 51, 19, 59, 27,
	34, 2, 42, 10, 50, 18, 58, 26,
	33, 1, 41, 9, 49, 17, 57, 25]


	def hex_to_64binary(hexstr):
	"""convert a hex string to a 64 bit wide binary number"""
	try:
	int64 = int(hexstr, 16)
	except ValueError:
	raise ValueError('ERROR: can not convert %s to base 16.' % hexstr)

	bin64 = str(bin(int64))[2:].rjust(64, '0')

	return bin64


	def binary_to_hex(binstr):
	"""convert a binary string to a hex"""
	hexstr = []

	for i in range(0, len(binstr), 4):
	total = 0
	binstr_rev = [x for x in reversed(binstr[i:i+4])]
	for j in range(4):
	total += (2*j) int(binstr_rev[j])
	hexstr.append('%X' % total)

	return ''.join(hexstr)


	def string_chunker(label, value, break_at=None):
	"""print a label/value pair and insert a space in the value at break_at
	intervals
	"""
	if break_at == None:
	s = value
	else:
	s = []
	for i in range(0, len(value), break_at):
	for ii in range(break_at):
	s.append(value[i+ii])
	s.append(' ')

	s = ''.join(map(str, s[:-1]))

	return '%s: %s' % (label.ljust(10), s)


	def lshift(c, d, iteration):
	"""left shift bits N times according to the LSHIFT_MAP (where N is the
	value at LSHIFT_MAP[iteration]; append knocked off bit(s) to end of string
	"""
	for i in range(LSHIFT_MAP[iteration]):
	c = '%s%s' % (c[1:], c[0])
	d = '%s%s' % (d[1:], d[0])

	return (c, d)


	def permutate(permutation, in_bits, out_bits_wide):
	"""Map the bits contained within in_bits to a new bit string out_bits
	according to some permutation.

	1) iterate through the permutation
	1) for each value, in_bits_i, in the permutation
	2) map the value at in_bits[in_bits_i] to out_bits[iteration]
	"""
	out_bits = [-1] * out_bits_wide
	for i in range(len(permutation)):
	in_bits_i = permutation[i] - 1
	out_bits[i] = in_bits[in_bits_i]

	return ''.join(map(str, out_bits))


	def xor(bits1, bits2):
	"""xor bits1 bit string with bits2 bit string; also used for 2bit addition.

	Truth Table for XOR (think of T=1 and F=0...)
	T T = F
	T F = T
	F T = T
	F F = F
	"""
	bits = []

	for i in range(len(bits1)):
	b1 = int(bits1[i])
	b2 = int(bits2[i])
	xor_bit = int(bool(b1) ^ bool(b2))
	bits.append(xor_bit)

	return ''.join(map(str, bits))


	def message_to_hex(msg):
	"""convert an ASCII string to (uppercase) Hex"""
	hexstr = []

	for c in msg:
	hexstr.append('%X' % ord(c))

	return ''.join(hexstr)


	def get_hexwords(msg):
	"""break the ASCII message into a 64bit (16 hex bytes) words"""
	hexwords = []

	for i in range(0, len(msg), 8):
	msg_block = msg[i:i+8]
	m = message_to_hex(msg_block)
	hexwords.append(m)

	last = hexwords[-1]
	hexwords[-1] += ''.join(['0'] * (16-len(last)))

	# TODO - remove
	#hexwords = ['0123456789ABCDEF']

	return hexwords


	def encrypt(key, msg):
	"""break the message string down into hexwords and encrypt each"""
	encrypted_msg = []

	for hexword in get_hexwords(msg):
	#print string_chunker('encrypting hexword', hexword, 2)
	encrypted_msg.append(encrypt_hexword(key, hexword))

	return ''.join(encrypted_msg)


	def encrypt_hexword(key, hexword):
	"""run a given hexword through the DES algorithm and return the encrypted
	hex string
	"""
	# message
	m = hex_to_64binary(hexword)
	#print string_chunker('M', m, 4)

	# key
	k = hex_to_64binary(key)
	#print string_chunker('K', k, 8)

	# initial permutation of message
	ip = permutate(IP, m, 64)
	#print string_chunker('IP', ip, 8)

	middle = int(len(ip) // 2)
	l = ip[:middle]
	r = ip[middle:]
	#print string_chunker('l', l, 4)
	#print string_chunker('r', r, 4)

	# apply PC1 permutation to the key and split in half to form c and d
	cd = permutate(PC1, k, 56)
	middle = int(len(cd) / 2)
	c = cd[:middle]
	d = cd[middle:]
	#print string_chunker('cd:', cd, 7)
	#print string_chunker('c0:', c, 7)
	#print string_chunker('d0:', d, 7)

	#print '-'*80

	# loop 16 'rounds'
	for round_i in range(16):

	# left shift the bits of c and d
	(c, d) = lshift(c, d, round_i)
	#print string_chunker('c%d' % (round_i+1), c, 7)
	#print string_chunker('d%d' % (round_i+1), d, 7)

	# apply PC2 permutation
	k = permutate(PC2, c+d, 48)
	#print string_chunker('k%d' % (round_i+1), k, 6)

	# apply E permutation
	e = permutate(E, r, 48)
	#print string_chunker('E(R%d)' % (round_i), e, 6)

	# xor k with e (2 bit addition)
	x = xor(k, e)
	#print string_chunker('xor(K%d,E(R%d)' % (round_i+1, round_i), x, 6)

	# apply SBOX permutations to blocks of 6 values of the result of the
	# previous XOR.
	s = []
	for n in range(int(len(x) / 6)):
	start = 6 * n
	end = (6 * n) + 6
	b = x[start:end]
	i = int(b[0])21 + int(b[-1])2**0
	j = (int(b[1])23 + int(b[2])2**2 +
	int(b[3])21 + int(b[4])2**0)
	s.append(str(bin(SBOXES[n][i][j]))[2:].rjust(4, '0'))
	s = ''.join(s)
	#print string_chunker('S%d' % (round_i+1), s, 4)

	# apply P permutation.
	f = permutate(P, s, 32)
	#print string_chunker('f%d' % (round_i+1), f, 4)

	# save value of l to calculate r (because the r bits have to get
	# shifted into l before we calculate the new r)
	l_prev = l

	# shift r into l (both 32 bits)
	l = r
	#print string_chunker('L%s' % (round_i+1), l, 4)

	# the new 32 bits of r are the saved value of l XORed/added to the value
	# of f
	r = xor(l_prev, f)
	#print string_chunker('R%d' % (round_i+1), r, 4)

	#print '-'*80

	# reverse left/right
	rl = '%s%s' % (r, l)
	#print string_chunker('rl', rl, 8)

	# apply the IP_INVERSE permutation
	encrypted_msg = permutate(IP_INVERSE, rl, 64)
	#print string_chunker('enc msg', encrypted_msg, 8)

	# convert the final bitstring back into a hex message
	bin2hex = binary_to_hex(encrypted_msg)
	#print string_chunker('hex', bin2hex)

	return bin2hex


	def run():
	key = "0F1571C947D9E859"
	msg = "02468ACEECA86420"
	enc = encrypt_hexword(key, msg)
	print(string_chunker('encrypted:', enc, 16))


	if __name__ == '__main__':
	run()