Ruby Simple Event as State Machine

event_base.rb

module Event
  class Base < ActiveRecord::Base
    self.table_name = 'events'

    # Callbacks to enforce state transitions logic
    before_update :validate_status_transition

    enum status: {
      enqueued: 0,
      processing: 1,
      completed: 2,
      failed: 3
    }

    # Transactional work processing
    def process
      ActiveRecord::Base.transaction do
        update!(status: :processing)
        yield(self)
        update!(status: :completed)
      rescue StandardError => e
        current_data = data || {}
        update!(status: :failed, data: current_data.merge('error' => e.message))
        raise ActiveRecord::Rollback
      end
    end

    def perform_async
      EventJob.perform_async(id)
    end

    def perform_now
      EventJob.perform_now(id)
    end

    def perform_later(...)
      EventJob.perform_later(...)
    end

    private

    def validate_status_transition
      return if status_changed? && valid_transition?

      errors.add(:status, 'transition is not allowed')
      throw(:abort)
    end

    def valid_transition?
      case status_was
      when 'enqueued'
        processing?
      when 'processing'
        completed? || failed?
      when 'completed', 'failed'
        false # No transitions allowed from completed or failed
      else
        true # for new records
      end
    end
  end
end