simple dockerfile for building a SQL-on-Linux container. Place this file in your c:\temp directory

BuildContainer_FromImage.ps1

<# Step 0)
    Put the dockerfile & AdventureWorks2016.bak into your c:\temp
#>
$dockerfileURL = "https://gist.githubusercontent.com/SQLvariant/ebe7fa49216badb6b53339818ca1eda9/raw/ded3e7f988309d311b6f389257e499cb66d5dd39/dockerfile";
$dockerfile = c:\temp\BuildContainer_FromImage.ps1;
Invoke-WebRequest -Uri $dockerfileURL -OutFile $dockerfile;

Copy-Item -Path "$($Home)\Downloads\AdventureWorks2016.bak" -Destination C:\temp

<# First, build the image #>
docker build -t solwadw2016 c:\temp

<# Once that builds successfully, create a container from it. #>
docker run -d -p 10003:1433 --name testcontainer03 solwadw2016

<# Enter the password when prompted, 
    keep running Invoke-Sqlcmd until you see AdventureWorks2016 
#>
$solwadw2016Cred = (Get-Credential sa)
Invoke-Sqlcmd -ServerInstance 'localhost,10003' -Credential $solwadw2016Cred -Query "SELECT name from sys.databases"

dockerfile

FROM microsoft/mssql-server-linux

RUN mkdir /var/opt/sqlserver
COPY AdventureWorks2016.bak /var/opt/sqlserver

ENV ACCEPT_EULA=Y
ENV SA_PASSWORD=Test1234

HEALTHCHECK --interval=10s \
    CMD /opt/mssql/bin/sqlserver & \
    /opt/mssql-tools/bin/sqlcmd -S . -U sa -P Test1234 \
        -Q "RESTORE DATABASE [AdventureWorks2016] FROM  DISK = N'/var/opt/sqlserver/AdventureWorks2016.bak' WITH  FILE = 1, MOVE N'AdventureWorks2016_Data' TO N'/var/opt/mssql/data/AdventureWorks2016_Data.mdf', MOVE N'AdventureWorks2016_Log' TO N'/var/opt/mssql/data/AdventureWorks2016_Log.ldf', NOUNLOAD,  STATS = 5"