Arch linux installation instruction

How to install Arch linux

https://bbs.archlinux.org/viewtopic.php?id=148038

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mHX9UIll014



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######### Arch Linux Installation ####################
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1. Create a Usb bootable media with the same label of the Arch version. For example, if the arch
   version is 15.09 then the lable of the USB should be ARCH_201509. This is mandatory as installtion 
   will search for a bootable media by this name.

   insert the bootable media and connect to wifi using the 'wifi-menu' command

2. Create partition for the installation. Different partitioning software is used for different partion. 
   For GPT partion in UEFI Bios system I used gdisk.

	- run the command 'gdisk /dev/sda' where sda is the main storage of the computer.
	- in gdisk for the line "command(? for help):" press '?' to get all the command syntax.
	- To create a new partion press 'n' and in the last sector give desired space as '+9GB'
	- First partition is 100MB small partition. Second partition is swap partiotion which will
	  be used as a virtual memory. It is suggested to put swap patition equal to the size of the 
	  ram in the computer. For Swap partition the hex code will be '8200'. Default partition code 
	  is 8300 which represents linus filesystem partition(ext4)
	- Now create the root partition. 
	- After creating all the partition write the changes in the hard drive using 'w' command of gdisk.

3. Format the swap partition using the follwoing command:
	mkswap -L "Linux Swap" /dev/sdaX	# Here X is the swap partition number
4. Turn on the swap partition
	swapon /dev/sdaX 			# Here X is the swap partition number
5. Verify the Swap partition 
	free -m
6. Format root partition with ext4 file system
	mkfs.ext4 -L "Arch Linux" /dev/sdaX	# Here X is the root partition number
7. Now mount the root partition for the installation
	mount /dev/sdaX /mnt			# Here X is the root partition number 
8. Install base system
	pacstrap -i /mnt base base-devel
9. Mount the efi partition 
	mkdir -p /mnt/boot/efi
	# gdisk -l /dev/sda will give the EFI partition on the hard drive
	mount /dev/sdaX /mnt/boot/efi		# Here X is the EFI partition number
10. Generate the fstab
	genfstab -p /mnt >> /mnt/etc/fstab
11. Chroot into the arch installation
	arch-chroot /mnt 
12. Change the root password
	passwd root
13. Set timezone
	ln -s /usr/share/zoneinfo/Europe/Berlin /etc/localtime
14. Generate the initial ram disk
	mkinitcpio -p linux
15. Setup bootloader
	pacman -Syu grub efibootmgr
	grub-mkconfig -o /boot/grub/grub.conf
	grub-install /dev/sda			# For dual boot install grub in the main disk /dev/sda
16. Verify grub installation
	ls -l /boot/efi/EFI/arch/
17. Install necessary driver and softwares
	pacman -Syu wireless_tools iw dialog wpa_supplicant gnome gnome-desktop xorg-server xorg-xinit xorg-server-utils
	xorg-apps xorg-twm xorg-xclock mesa xf86-input-synaptics xf86-video-intel pulseaudio alsa-utils tmux terminator bash-completion
	vim git libreoffice-fresh os-prober 
18. Create a new user in the wheel group so that we do not need to use the root account
	useradd -m -G wheel -s /bin/bash -c "Admin" user_name
19. Create password for the user
	passwd user_name
20. Modify permission for the new user.
	visudo 
	Uncomment the line for the wheel group 
21. Modify /etc/locale.gen file
	uncomment the line
		en_US.UTF-8
		en_US ISO
22. Generate the locale file
	locale-gen
23. Configure the /etc/locale.conf file adding
	LANG=en_US.UTF-8
24. Run the command
	export LANG=en_US.UTF-8
25. Set hardware clock to UTC time
	hwclock --systohc --utc
26. Edit hostname
	echo host_name > /etc/hostname
27. Modify /etc/resolv.conf
	nameserver 8.8.8.8
	nameserver 8.8.4.4
28. Enable gdm and NetworkManager
	sudo systemctl enable gdm
	sudo systemctl enable NetworkManager
29. In UEFI dual boot find the windows bootloader file using
	sudo efibootmgr -B
	# Usually the location is /boot/efi/EFI/Microsoft/Boot/bootmgfw.efi
30. Copy the windows bootloader in one level up to keep a backup
	cp /boot/efi/EFI/Microsoft/Boot/bootmgfw.efi /boot/efi/EFI/Microsoft/
31. Copy the arch grub file in windows bootloaders place.
	cp /boot/efi/EFI/arch/grub_64..efi /boot/efi/EFI/Microsoft/Boot
32. Restart and remove the media and log back in Arch linux.