A_vscode_cmake_setup_problem.md

Problem Occur Setting-Up CMake in VSCode on mac

1.Problem A

1.1Platform

See project architecture.

Just like:

HelloWorld

|

|_.vscode

|     |__c_cpp_properties.json

|     |__launch.json

|     |__settings.json

|     |__tasks.json

|_build

|_include

|     |__Pet.h

|_CMakeLists.txt 

|_main.cpp

|_Pet.cpp

1.2VSCode Output

[Running] cd "/Users/yq/VSCode/CppProject/practiseCMake/" && g++ main.cpp -o main && "/Users/yq/VSCode/CppProject/practiseCMake/"main

Undefined symbols for architecture x86_64:

    "Pet::eat()", referenced from:
       
        _main in main-44f8ef.o

    "Pet::Pet(std::__1::basic_string<char, std::__1::char_traits<char>, std::__1::allocator<char> >&)", referenced from:
  
        _main in main-44f8ef.o

ld: symbol(s) not found for architecture x86_64

clang: error: linker command failed with exit code 1 (use -v to see invocation)

[Done] exited with code=1 in 0.543 seconds

1.3Run OR Not

Not

c_cpp_properties.json

{
    // Reference: https://medium.com/@dexterchan_44737/visual-studio-code-build-and-debug-a-c-with-cmake-on-mac-os-7633bc59bf34
    "configurations": [
        {
            "name": "Mac",
            "includePath": [
                // The include files directory path.
                // "${workspaceFolder}/**"
                // has Changed!
                // "${workspaceFolder}",
                "${workspaceFolder}/include", // Have Change
                "/Library/Developer/CommandLineTools/usr/include",
                "/Library/Developer/CommandLineTools/usr/lib/clang/9.0.0/include",
                "/usr/local/include",
                "/Library/Developer/CommandLineTools/usr/include/c++/v1",
                "/usr/include"
            ],
            "defines": [],
            "macFrameworkPath": [
                // This is the FrameworkPath of Mac Now we are using.
                "/Library/Developer/CommandLineTools/SDKs/MacOSX.sdk/System/Library/Frameworks",
                "/Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer/Platforms/MacOSX.platform/Developer/SDKs/MacOSX10.12.sdk/System/Library/Frameworks",
                "/System/Library/Frameworks",
                "/Library/Frameworks"
            ],
            "compilerPath": "/usr/bin/clang",
            "cStandard": "c11",
            "cppStandard": "c++11",
            "intelliSenseMode": "clang-x64",
            // This time we use MicroSoft CMake-Tools.
            "configurationProvider": "vector-of-bool.cmake-tools",
            // This is to Compile the main Cpp. 
            // Or generate object files from source files.
            // Also, is the same as "code-runner.executorMap" settings.json 
            // during using Code-Runner Module.
            "compileCommands": "${workspaceFolder}/build/compile_commands.json"
        }
    ],
    "version": 4
}

CMakeLists.txt

# Reference: https://medium.com/@dexterchan_44737/visual-studio-code-build-and-debug-a-c-with-cmake-on-mac-os-7633bc59bf34
cmake_minimum_required(VERSION 3.0.0)
project(HelloWorld VERSION 0.1.0)

set(CMAKE_CXX_STANDARD 11)
# set(CMAKE_CXX_STANDARD_REQUIRED True)

include_directories(${CMAKE_CURRENT_LIST_DIR}/include)

file(GLOB SOURCES "*.cpp")

include(CTest)
enable_testing()

add_executable(HelloWorld ${SOURCES})

set(CPACK_PROJECT_NAME ${PROJECT_NAME})
set(CPACK_PROJECT_VERSION ${PROJECT_VERSION})
include(CPack)

lanuch.json

{
    // Use IntelliSense to learn about possible attributes.
    // Hover to view descriptions of existing attributes.
    // For more information, visit: https://go.microsoft.com/fwlink/?linkid=830387
    "version": "0.2.0",
    "configurations": [
        {
            "name": "(lldb)Launch",
            "type": "cppdbg",
            "request": "launch",
            // "program" is the target file diretory
            // "program": "${fileDirname}/${fileBasenameNoExtension}",
            "program": "${workspaceFolder}/${fileBasenameNoExtension}", // Have changed
            "args": [],
            "stopAtEntry": false,
            // Changes the current working directory directive ("cwd") to the folder
            // where main.cpp is.
            // This "cwd" is the same as "cwd" in the tasks.json 
            // That's the source files directory
            "cwd": "${workspaceFolder}", // Have changed
            "environment": [],
            "externalConsole": true,
            "MIMode": "lldb" // ?
        }
    ]
}

main.cpp

// Reference: https://medium.com/@dexterchan_44737/visual-studio-code-build-and-debug-a-c-with-cmake-on-mac-os-7633bc59bf34
#include <iostream>
#include "include/Pet.h"
#include <memory>
int main(int, char **)
{
    std::cout << "Hello, world!\n";
    std::string n = "cat";
    std::unique_ptr<Pet> pet(new Pet(n));
    pet->eat();
}

Pet.cpp

// Reference: https://medium.com/@dexterchan_44737/visual-studio-code-build-and-debug-a-c-with-cmake-on-mac-os-7633bc59bf34
#include "include/Pet.h" 
#include <iostream> 
Pet::Pet(std::string &_name){
    this->name = _name; 
} 
void Pet::sound(){
    std::cout << this->name << " sounds" << std::endl; 
} 
void Pet::eat(){
    std::cout << this->name << " eats" << std::endl; 
} 
std::string & Pet::getName(){
    return this->name; 
}

Pet.h

// Reference: https://medium.com/@dexterchan_44737/visual-studio-code-build-and-debug-a-c-with-cmake-on-mac-os-7633bc59bf34
#include <string>
class Pet{
    private:std::string name;
    public:Pet(std::string& name);
    void sound();
    void eat();
    std::string& getName();
};

settings.json

{
    "files.associations": {
        "__bit_reference": "cpp",
        "__config": "cpp",
        "__debug": "cpp",
        "__functional_base": "cpp",
        "__locale": "cpp",
        "__mutex_base": "cpp",
        "__tuple": "cpp",
        "algorithm": "cpp",
        "atomic": "cpp",
        "bitset": "cpp",
        "cctype": "cpp",
        "chrono": "cpp",
        "clocale": "cpp",
        "cmath": "cpp",
        "complex": "cpp",
        "cstdarg": "cpp",
        "cstddef": "cpp",
        "cstdint": "cpp",
        "cstdio": "cpp",
        "cstdlib": "cpp",
        "cstring": "cpp",
        "ctime": "cpp",
        "cwchar": "cpp",
        "cwctype": "cpp",
        "exception": "cpp",
        "functional": "cpp",
        "initializer_list": "cpp",
        "ios": "cpp",
        "iosfwd": "cpp",
        "iostream": "cpp",
        "istream": "cpp",
        "iterator": "cpp",
        "limits": "cpp",
        "locale": "cpp",
        "memory": "cpp",
        "mutex": "cpp",
        "new": "cpp",
        "ostream": "cpp",
        "ratio": "cpp",
        "sstream": "cpp",
        "stdexcept": "cpp",
        "streambuf": "cpp",
        "string": "cpp",
        "system_error": "cpp",
        "tuple": "cpp",
        "type_traits": "cpp",
        "typeinfo": "cpp",
        "utility": "cpp",
        "*.tcc": "cpp",
        "cinttypes": "cpp"
    },
    "clang.cxxflags": [
        "-std=c++11"
    ],
    "clang.cflags": [
        "-std=c11"
    ]
}

tasks.json

{
	// Reference: https://medium.com/@dexterchan_44737/visual-studio-code-build-and-debug-a-c-with-cmake-on-mac-os-7633bc59bf34
	// See https://go.microsoft.com/fwlink/?LinkId=733558
	// for the documentation about the tasks.json format
	"version": "2.0.0",
	// "isShellCommand":true,
	"options": {
		// {workspaceRoot} is the directory of your workspace.
		// "cwd" is the source files directory.
		// "cwd": "${workspaceRoot}/build"
		"cwd": "${workspaceFolder}" // Have changed
	},
	// Property “label” allows VSC to reference the task name when running the
	// task.
	"tasks": [
		{
			"type": "shell",
			"label": "cmake",
			"command": "cmake -G 'Unix Makefiles' -DCMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=Debug ..",
			"presentation": {
				"echo": true,
				"reveal": "always",
				"panel": "shared"
			}
		},
		{
			"type": "shell",
			"label": "make",
			"command": "make -j 8",
			// “make -j 8 “ mean running the compile in parallel with max 8 
			// source files.
			"presentation": {
				"echo": true,
				"reveal": "always",
				"panel": "shared"
			},
			// "isBuildCommand":false
			// the property “isBuildCommand” set to true enables the task to be
			// executed via the Tasks: Run Build Task.
		}
	]
}