Subclass of NSOperation (Operation) to make it asynchronous in Swift 3, 4, 5

AsynchronousOperation.swift

//  Created by Vasily Ulianov on 09.02.17, updated in 2019.
//  License: MIT

import Foundation

/// Subclass of `Operation` that adds support of asynchronous operations.
/// 1. Call `super.main()` when override `main` method.
/// 2. When operation is finished or cancelled set `state = .finished` or `finish()`
open class AsynchronousOperation: Operation {
    public override var isAsynchronous: Bool {
        return true
    }
    
    public override var isExecuting: Bool {
        return state == .executing
    }
    
    public override var isFinished: Bool {
        return state == .finished
    }
    
    public override func start() {
        if self.isCancelled {
            state = .finished
        } else {
            state = .ready
            main()
        }
    }
    
    open override func main() {
        if self.isCancelled {
            state = .finished
        } else {
            state = .executing
        }
    }
    
    public func finish() {
        state = .finished
    }
    
    // MARK: - State management
    
    public enum State: String {
        case ready = "Ready"
        case executing = "Executing"
        case finished = "Finished"
        fileprivate var keyPath: String { return "is" + self.rawValue }
    }
    
    /// Thread-safe computed state value
    public var state: State {
        get {
            stateQueue.sync {
                return stateStore
            }
        }
        set {
            let oldValue = state
            willChangeValue(forKey: state.keyPath)
            willChangeValue(forKey: newValue.keyPath)
            stateQueue.sync(flags: .barrier) {
                stateStore = newValue
            }
            didChangeValue(forKey: state.keyPath)
            didChangeValue(forKey: oldValue.keyPath)
        }
    }
    
    private let stateQueue = DispatchQueue(label: "AsynchronousOperation State Queue", attributes: .concurrent)
    
    /// Non thread-safe state storage, use only with locks
    private var stateStore: State = .ready
}

I updated my code to make it a thread-safe one. Please update applications that use that code to avoid cryptic fatal errors like EXC_BAD_INSTRUCTION (code=EXC_I386_INVOP, subcode=0x0).

In spite of that code is a thread-safe, please don't crush your application if you use a non-thread safe code inside your operation's completion or inside an operation, e.g.:

var someArray = [Int]()
let queue = OperationQueue()

for _ in 1...10000 {
    // For test purposes I've added `finish()` inside that async operation to finish that operation
    let operation = AsynchronousOperation()
    operation.completionBlock = {
        // We concurrently modifing a shared array from all operations
        // Setting data is not thread-safe, at some point we will receive a crash
        someArray.append(1)
    }
    queue.addOperation(operation)
}

queue.waitUntilAllOperationsAreFinished()
print(someArray)

P.S. Thanks to @DanSkeel, @zhihuitang who noted that.

@Sorix I have a question related to this. I update dictionary as you did with array. How that can be solved? So basically result of every operation I need to keep somewhere in order to access it later. thx